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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Demand and supply of British steel，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了英国钢铁的需求和供应。在过去的二十五年里，英国的钢铁产量波动非常大，最高时达到了1600万吨，但最低时只有580万吨。毫无疑问，英国钢铁的产量下降，很大原因是英国对钢铁的需求并不高，其次就是政府要控制二氧化碳的排放。

The production of steel for UK has fluctuated greatly over the past twenty-five years.It reached a high of 16 million tonnes in 1997 and its lows point in 2008 of 5.8 million tonnes. Between 2002 to 2007, the steel production experienced an increase of 40%. This is a significant increase, considering that other industry much smaller increases over the same time span. Although this increase is spread over roughly 20 years, another statistic indicates that the huge drop of 98% in 2008 which is the year of recession. Compare with other European nations, the production of UK is in the low level which means the demand of steel in UK is smaller than others.

The price level of the steel in UK

The price level of the steel has been following a variable downward trend before 2013 and upward trend after 2013. The price is steadily increasing from 2013 to 2015, however, however, there was a large decline in price during the year in 2013.It reached its five year low of 120 pounds per ton in 2013 and its reached its high of 600 pounds per ton in 2011. The above graph also shows that the price level of the steel is not stable. The change of the price level of each year is hard to forecast and evaluate although UK is an open market country and the price of any product is determined by the market. This can be a threat to the steel manufacture industry because its unstable price level of each year. They may earn higher revenues based on the price increases and loss more when the price falls.

Economic Factor

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As shown in above Figure, the UK GDP increased from $2588 billion (2006) to $2989 billion(2014). The compound annual GDP growth rate between 2006 and 2014 was 15.49%. Between 2006 and 2014 the UK GDP had positive growth, except in 2009. From 2007 to 2009, annual GDP growth decreased from 3.20% to -8.77% because of the worldwide financial crisis. Following the financial crisis, GDP growth rates rebounded to 23.77% in the next four years. UK's GDP is expected to increase annually by 4.36% to 6.04% from 2010 to 2014. The growing GDP is an opportunity for the manufacture companies because more GDP will allow for more investment in the industry.

The steel manufacture industry has been a part of contributor to the UK GDP. In 2014 UK’s economic output was £2.2 billion, and the steel manufacture industry contributed 2.1 million, which is 0.1% of the overall economic and 1.3% of manufacture output. Comparing three different trend lines, it shows that all lines dropped during the financial crisis of 2008-2009,which was common amongst both developed and developing nations. The output from steel industry fell by 31% with the economic dropped by 11.97% in one year.

Politic factor

The steel and iron manufacture industry has made significant changes over the past decade. This is due to the rise in global concern regarding the environment. Companies have invested heavily in alternative new material resources to combat the pollution that is generated from the manufacturing of steel and iron, as well as the rising prices of steel and iron resulting from a declining supply. In order to mitigate these concerns, organizations are looking towards sustainable resources that will not harm the environment. The focus in the industry has been on carbon fiber, synthetic fiber and high-molecular polymer.

From 2006 to 2011, the CO2 emissionsin UK showed a downward trend which is caused by the strict government policy. As the economy recovered from 2009 to 2010, the manufacture demand and investment increased. During this time, the CO2 emissions rebounded and reached a high level of 0.5kt. After 2010, the emissions dropped again since the UK government released a new protection policy.

Reference List

1. Rhodes, C 2015, “UK steel industry: statistics and policy”, [Online] Number 07317, 20 January. Available at: www.parliement.uk/commons-library[accessed 4 March 2016]

2. CO2 emission, [Online] Available at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KT/countries/GB-?display=graph[accessed 4 March 2016]

Conclusion

The statistics in this report are indicative of the steel industry for the UK, and illustrate that the production of steelis taking steps to lessen the impact the economic of nations and the price level of steel is determined by the market and the general economy.

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