Paper代写：Russell's History of Western philosophy－r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Russell's History of Western philosophy，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了罗素的《西方哲学史》。罗素的《西方哲学史》全面考察了从古希腊罗马时期到20世纪中叶西方哲学思潮的发展历程。他认为西方哲学在发展过程中始终受到来自科学和宗教两方面的影响，并据此把西方哲学发展史划分为古代哲学、天主教哲学和近代哲学三个时期，揭示了在哲学的发展历程中，科学与宗教、社会团结和个人自由是如何错综复杂地交织在一起与哲学交互作用的。

As a philosophical enthusiast, in the face of such questions as "What is philosophy", if you can give the answer exactly, I am afraid that the philosophy in your eyes has been characterized by a decline. This characterization is precisely due to the lack of thinking and the reduction of the degree of concern. But when I read Russell's history of Western philosophy, I had a good reason to be happy. It is not as Shen as any other book of philosophical History, Russell's philosophy history has brought philosophy back to its true state, so that philosophy rooted in the human mind, close to life, pay attention to reality, inspire ideas, increase intelligence, read vivid, full of human feelings, people feel amiable and lovely.

Bertrand Russell not only as a philosopher has a significant contribution, but also in mathematics, logic, history and other fields have made achievements, and even actively engaged in peaceful social activities. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950, in recognition of his "diverse and important works, continuing to pursue humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought". In philosophy, Russell's greatest contribution was the creation of analytic philosophy together with G.E. Moore, who also contributed to the history of epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, political philosophy and philosophy. He argues that philosophy, like mathematics, can be determined by applying logic, and the philosopher's job is to discover an ideal logical language that can explain the nature of the world. The vast majority of analytic philosophers lack a sense of history, ignoring historical problems and historical studies, while Russell's lifelong addiction to history and historical theory is tireless. In politics, Russell's thought pays attention to the experience, therefore his political opinion has the experience and the reality, changes with the actual situation. He was still a liberal, but he was opposed to the innate radical attitude and comradeship that all the resistance had to bear. He was deeply sympathetic to the Socialists ' struggle against poverty, and his liberalism was not classical liberalism, but liberalism with a strong socialist inclination. As an activist and social thinker, Russell has for decades worked on education, ethics, marriage, social reform, history, politics, feminist movement and the peace movement. His discussion and activities changed people's attitude towards life, so that countless people into philosophy, his knowledge of the fruits of the world flowering, lush.

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The "History of Western Philosophy", published in 1945, is a speech made by Russell Barnes ' Art Foundation in the history of Western philosophy, and this book has also been a great success. The full name of the history of Western philosophy is the history of Western philosophy and its connection with the political and social situation from ancient times to the modern times, and it comprehensively examines the development course of Western philosophy trend from ancient Greek to Roman period to 20th century. Russell thought of philosophy as something between theology and science, based on this understanding of philosophy, he holds that Western philosophy has always been influenced by both science and religion in the course of development, and then divides the history of Western philosophy into three periods of ancient philosophy, Catholic philosophy and modern philosophy, revealing the course of development in philosophy. , how the Science and religion, social solidarity and individual freedom are intricately intertwined with the interaction of philosophy. In the Treasury of World Philosophy Theory, the history of Western philosophy, written by famous masters, is more than one, while Russell's works are quite distinctive. Its most prominent feature is the subject it addresses: philosophy is not an independent thought of outstanding individuals, but a component of social and political life, a "product and cause of various social personalities", "the environment in which people live plays a great role in determining their philosophy, In turn, however, their philosophy plays a big role in determining their environment. The author regards philosophers as fruit as well as the result of their social environment and political system in their time, and may be the reason for shaping the political system belief in the later times. Because of this, the whole book in the discussion of philosophical sects and philosophers, often do not look at their academic status, but in accordance with its influence on the development of Western philosophy to determine detail trade-offs. It is worth mentioning that, although the book, the next two volumes about 800,000 words, but the author learned, and won the Nobel Prize for Literature, so the book is beautiful and fluent in writing, informative, reading and no dull and obscure feeling.

Russell's philosophy in the Book of the history of the concept is a major feature, therefore, the full name of this book is "Western philosophy history and its relationship with the political and social situation from ancient times to modern times", he not only inspects the development of Western philosophy from the angle of philosophy, but also observes from the historical angle, This is one of the biggest differences with other works of Western philosophy history. He declares in the preamble that philosophy is an integral part of social life and political life: it is not an isolated reflection of the remarkable individual, but the product and cause of the various social personalities that have prevailed in the system. He therefore demanded that his account of the general history be more than that of the historians of the general philosophy. And because Russell himself has extremely profound knowledge of history, do it effortlessly. He values the unity of the historical movement, in front of many chapters, he has inserted a number of purely social-historical chapters, such as the knowledge of the Hellenistic era when recounting the stoic and the Epicurus, and in a few chapters he introduces the knowledge of medieval history and Christian development in a specific section. In evaluating any philosopher, Russell put it as far as possible into the background of the time, and fully demonstrated his philosophy and the social values as the reason of his philosophy. In his own words: a sympathetic understanding of philosophers is an understanding of the compassion that philosophers deserve from the perspective of historians.

Objectively speaking, the history of Western philosophy is only a byproduct of the study of Russell's philosophy, and its rich philosophical proposition has not left too deep imprint in this book, he insists on the consistent objective, the explanation standpoint even in the book in the opposite direction present. But the new philosophy he injected into the book is still impressive. Russell defines philosophy in the preface, "philosophy, in terms of understanding, is something between theology and science." It is, like theology, a reflection of human errors that have hitherto been uncertain of the certainty of knowledge, but it is as scientific as it is to human rationality, not to authority, whether traditional authority or authority of revelation. He believes that the role of philosophy is to prevent us from being too trusting in science to become insensitive or arrogant by relying too much on theology. This is perhaps the standard of Bertrand Russell's evaluation of philosophers in the history of Western philosophy, such as the criticism of Kant and Dewey. Russell's philosophical goal is to use logical analysis to seek the basis of human knowledge and scientific and reliable evidence on the basis of empiricism. In the history of Western philosophy, it is the standard of "contradiction analysis" to evaluate the philosophical thought and system of a philosopher in a large extent. For example, the analysis of Locke, as he said, to the later generations also have a great impact on himself, but in logic is flawed. So although he spends a lot of time on Locke, he thinks Locke's philosophy is not perfect in the pure sense.

In the history of Western philosophy, Russell adopted the standard of different reference system in material and evaluation: the material is mainly drawn from the influence of the philosopher. Even Russell believes that Plato and Aristotle have more influence than good in the development of the whole philosophy history, especially in the epistemological aspect, but because of the great influence, they have no comparable space. On the other hand, in evaluating the Philosopher's philosophical concept of the merit of its own, the use of another reference standard, as a logical analytic philosopher who has been influenced by empiricism tradition, Russell has unconsciously divided this standard into two aspects: the inherent contradiction of the system and the objective reliability of knowledge or thought, The latter can be understood to some extent as conforming to common sense.

Mr. Chen Shaoming in the philosophical consciousness in the study of the history of philosophy, it is pointed out that "philosophical research includes two major categories of philosophical history research and philosophy creation." From a functional perspective, the history of philosophy can be divided into two types, one is to provide philosophical knowledge, one is to inspire philosophy creation. "And Russell, is precisely a philosophy in the history and philosophy of the creation of two of the fields have made a great contribution to the philosopher." In the aspect of philosophy, he has created a philosophical method ―― logical analysis which is still widely used and occupies a very important position in the history of philosophy. This is considered to be his main influence on the later generations, and in the study of the history of philosophy, he also provided philosophical knowledge and inspired philosophical creation, and his "History of Western Philosophy" was hailed as " Wrote a philosophy that most people like to read and only Russell can write.

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