Essay代写：The realism－r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The realism，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了写实主义。在西方艺术史中，写实主义的传统可以上溯至古希腊时期的古典艺术。纵观西方传统艺术，写实主义手法的运用一直是艺术表现的主要手段。文化的进步，视觉方式的转变，使写实主义在各个时期有了不同的理解方式。尤其是在二十世纪现代主义思潮的影响下，写实主义已同传统的写实艺术的面貌大不相同。

We must refer to "classicism" when we talk about realism. The term "classicism" is used for specific and repeated artistic traditions, linked to certain topics, such as style, literature, psychology, religion, and politics. This limits the scope of classicism, and its meaning is ambiguous, because its exact meaning is not always the same in different historical stages. The term "Classical" refers to the culture and art of ancient Greece and Rome from the 10th century to the fifth century B.C. The narrow sense refers to the period between Archaic and Hellenistic periods in ancient Greece. Classicism is a typical phenomenon of the tradition and the return to ancient times, which is the imitation of classic works. So we look at classicism and we have to look at classical art.

The art of ancient Greece and Rome had a broad conception, and the artificial creation which was closely related to the production technology, such as medicine, farming, horseback shooting and handicraft industry, was also included. Poetry, painting, sculpture, music and so on are called "the art of imitation". "Imitation" refers to a toddler who forms a form and function of natural objects. In ancient Greece, "imitation theory" has always been the principle of artistic creation. The philosopher Heraclitus first made it clear that art imitates nature. He thinks that painting, music, poetry and other arts are imitating nature with their own media and methods. Plato's whole idea is based on the core concept of "idea", which he believes is essentially a parody of ideas. Aristotle's poetics is based on "imitation theory", but his imitation reveals the creative nature of art imitation. "Imitation theory" is the core of Greek art and the basic principle of western classical realism. The achievements of Greek art in the classical period were unprecedented in the history of art, which left a perfect example for later generations.

The subsequent classical art is a parody of it. This can be seen from ancient Rome and medieval classical art. The classical art of the middle ages is obviously characterized by its preference for volume, symmetry and order. For religious reasons, medieval art is obviously symbolic. The subsequent Renaissance was the peak of classical art. As the beauty of the new culture, although the Renaissance is characterized by learning the classics, it is by no means simple in restoring ancient ways. It is essentially creating a new culture by learning the classical way. The concrete form of classical art is enlightening, but it is more important to realize the method of realism and the democratic thought of classical society. The early Italian Renaissance, the style of the giotto period, was mainly manifested in the observation of science, the subtle study of natural phenomena, rather than the ancient ways. It means the symbolism of the middle ages and the fantasy of heaven, to the natural world. This kind of thinking method to restore the interest in actual existence, it has an important meaning for the art and science, will lead to the artist characters in nature environment, with the precision of the anatomy, to describe the human body through the light and shade effect model a three dimensional figure, and indicate the foreground and background of the rule of the linear perspective. The real founder of the Florentine school is giotto. Giotto is a student of the kimboue, representing the realism of the new art. He created the arenal chapel fresco, borrow the real scene of religious subjects performance full of life breath, pay attention to space profound relations and characters of three-dimensional modelling, with real vivid artistic image about the humanistic spirit, 14th century Renaissance art is the most brilliant achievements.

In Renaissance art, Raphael's work embodies the highest achievement of Renaissance art. In his paintings, you can see the harmonious proportion of composition, exquisite technique, strict and skillful structure, can see the center perspective, also can see the accurate grasp of the characters. Raphael inherits the achievements of the past masters and focuses on the exploration of harmonious beauty in the Renaissance period. From the development of aesthetics to the Renaissance, the aesthetics of this period is only a perceptual aesthetic, but a continuation of the ideal of classical harmony. But it is this continuation that has had a great impact in the history of art. People begin to recognize themselves and begin to recognize the relationship between man and god, man and nature, man and reality. People discovered nature, discovered reason, discovered individuality, and provided new specifications for later art. Renaissance art is the continuation and development of classical art, and it is another peak of realism development.

Aesthetics in the 17th and 18th centuries is an abstract philosophical aesthetic. The aesthetic ideal of the Renaissance is harmonious beauty, while the aesthetic ideal of modern aesthetics is sublime. The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were the transition period of feudal society to capitalist society. During the period of the Renaissance, people began to sit quietly and think. The Renaissance held high the banner of "human nature", and the people of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries regarded "reason" as the basis of all things. The artistic achievement of this period is mainly reflected in the "baroque" art and "rococo" art. As a continuation of the Renaissance, baroque art took a step forward in realism. In the late 16th century, the popularity of "manipulationism" brought art from its peak to crisis. After overcoming the negative tendency of manipulation, baroque art brought the rational spirit of the 17th century to art. By the time of the baroque art in the seventeenth century, the artist had found a man's image for humanity. The image of women depicted in Rubens is to celebrate beauty and love by projecting the beauty of a woman's body. In his eyes, the beauty of nudity is no longer the beauty of the classical ideals, but the reappearance of the secular and the real. Caravaggio's saint, the image of the common man in Rembrandt, embodies the aesthetic tendencies of the seventeenth century.

Baroque art, like the popular rococo art of the 18th century, is in a rational age. Compared with the Renaissance, the art is more rational and sober. Although there are a large number of ancient art norms, but in reality and emotional expression is quite mature. Realism and classical based on the spirit of art have a common aesthetics, realism is formed in classical art, classical art as a whole, integrated and unified, harmonious art. The unified form of art and human universal and eternal spiritual needs, life activity has a deep connection, classicism and romanticism, realism is the extension of a kind of aesthetic concepts, are the results of the objective world attention.

From ancient Greece to the Renaissance, classicism achieved remarkable achievements, and the imitation theory guided the artists to create outstanding examples, which is the embodiment of classical harmony. In the later era of rationality, under the guidance of classical norms, neoclassicism, romanticism and realism reappeared in the 19th century, bringing realism to the top. By the time of impressionism, we have seen the artistic pursuit and artistic principle of naturalism and expressionism. First of all, in the opposite of subjective and objective, performance and reappearance, ideal and reality go to extremes. Naturalism demands absolute realism, imitates reality and abandons ideal. On the contrary, expressionism should abandon the reality completely and push the romanticism to the extreme in the expression of ideals, ideas, emotions and desires, and pursue the original ecology of the subject world. Secondly, the relationship between emotion and reason, thinking and imagination is pushed to the extreme. Naturalism advocates the scientific spirit, requires precision, opposes imagination, and expressionism pushes the imagination into more subjective states such as fantasy, dream and intuition. Third, in the relationship between time and space, naturalism requires that the object be traced in the physical space and time. And expressionism takes the traditional fixed point perspective and focus perspective, develops into multi-angle, multi-level observation and performance, and breaks through static three-dimensional space, extending to the dynamic four-dimensional space. As extreme phase of realism and romanticism, naturalism and expressionism in the realistic is a revolution of traditional realism, they overturned the development of the modern type of lofty artistic model, for the realism in the 20th century modern art opened the way.

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