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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- The WebGIS，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了WebGIS。WebGIS是在web网上工作，在Internet技术基础上发展的技术，具有传统GIS的特点。WebGIS是将GIS的核心功能嵌入到满足HTTP协议和TCP/IP协议的Internet体系结构中，实现在Internet环境下，对空间数据的有效管理和处理。与传统的GIS相比，WebGIS是通过浏览器实现客户端与服务器间的信息交流，成本降低，且界面更容易操作。

The application of network GIS has experienced the development process of C/S structure in LAN, WebGIS of B/S structure in Internet environment, and W/S structure. WebGIS is a kind of network GIS.

WebGIS is a technology developed on the basis of Internet technology, which has the characteristics of traditional GIS. WebGIS is to embed the core functions of GIS into the Internet architecture that meets the HTTP protocol and TCP/IP protocol, and realize the effective management and processing of spatial data in the Internet environment. It can be said that WebGIS is the intersection of GIS, computer, information and communication.

Compared with traditional GIS, WebGIS realizes the information exchange between client and server through browser, which reduces the cost, has a friendly interface and is easy to operate. The client usually performs map display and information query target selection, and the data call and spatial analysis are all completed in the server. Such distributed system not only simplifies the client structure, reduces the client load, but also reduces the demand for broadband. The storage of space-time big data can be placed in multiple servers, and the servers can be located in multiple places, which can reduce the system load. It can be cross-platform, compatible with Windows system, Unix system, etc. For spatio-temporal big data, it not only realizes high sharing of data, but also realizes real-time update of data. Based on Internet system, it has good expansibility. At the same time, WebGIS also has disadvantages, such as relying on network communication, information security, weak GIS spatial analysis application, immature true three-dimensional GIS, and interoperability of multi-source heterogeneous data.

The techniques applied to Server are CGI, Server API and dynamic web pages. The techniques applied to clients include plug-ins, ActiveX, and Java applets. CGI with spatial analysis function is strong, high resource utilization, cross-platform, the caller of the method is simple to understand, as well as good security, but CGI every request of the user to generate a new process, which makes the network transmission and server burden, also easy to cause the bottleneck of customer data access, data provided by the CGI only static images, the user is not on the inquiry, roaming, and so on. The technology applied to client has the advantage of reducing network transmission burden and fast operation speed of local GIS. While extending the client functions, they also increase the burden on the client. Some of the more complex spatial analysis is still processed by the server, and the spatial analysis capability of GIS is not strong. Among them, plug-ins and ActiveX are related to data type, platform and browser, and need to be installed in advance before use, which will occupy customers' hardware resources. But Java Applet technology is the opposite. Java applets have nothing to do with the platform or operating system, run dynamically, and don't need to be installed ahead of time.

At present, WebGIS has been applied to many fields. For example, agricultural intelligent management system of water conservancy in agriculture, flood prevention and disaster relief in water conservancy, construction of urbanization and traffic, environmental monitoring, etc.

Although the spatial analysis function of WebGIS is useful to path analysis and buffer analysis, it obviously cannot meet the needs of The Times. The network space analysis function of WebGIS still has a long way to go.

WebGIS technology in 2d has been relatively mature, and 3d WebGIS has also developed, such as Google Earth, map of the world, baidu map and so on. In terms of the visualization effect of data, 3d is better than 2d, but there are also some technical bottlenecks and some functional defects. At present, only some basic functions such as scene browsing and layer selection have been realized, which is far from the real 3d expression and analysis. The problem of three-dimensional space operation and analysis remains to be solved. Based on the current situation, the combination of WebGIS and VR can give play to its significance and value in real estate, tourism and other fields.

In the information age, everyone is a sensor, and the user is both the user and the provider of data. This new way of providing data has promoted the development of crowdsource GIS. The crowdsource data is obtained by a large number of non-professionals and provided to the public via the Internet for public use. Crowd source data cost low, massive, but there are corresponding data processing problems.

In the 21st century, when artificial intelligence and big data are hot in time and space, information mining and deep learning of massive data are an inevitable trend. This puts forward a new requirement to the WebGIS data processing capability.

The current GIS application lacks the ability of knowledge processing, active learning and reasoning. In real life, when users interact with GIS, they hope that GIS can deeply learn users' habits and needs to provide more humanized services. Intellectualization will be an important research direction of GIS.

The development of Internet technology is going from Internet to Web to Grid. The global Internet and grid network is a "next generation network" which is more complex and powerful than the existing network. It connects and integrates geographically distributed, heterogeneous computers, storage subsystems, GIS and other systems through high-speed interconnected networks to achieve resource sharing and coordination services. Grid GIS will promote the development of GIS along the direction of network, globalization, standardization, popularization and application. Such development trend will have more and more influence on Webgis.

Compared with traditional GIS, WebGIS is characterized by resource sharing, cross-platform, interoperability and low cost. From the current situation and development trend of WebGIS, there is a general demand for WebGIS in all fields, and there is still a great space for WebGIS to develop and improve. Although WebGIS itself is still in many deficiencies, with the development of technology, the application of GIS will be popularized, bringing people a more convenient and flexible information world.

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