下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- God in western culture,供大家参考学习,这篇论文讨论了西方文化中的上帝。上帝是西方世界最为人所熟知的形象之一。他的出现与基督教在欧洲国家的传播关系密切。从基督教在西方确立地位以来,上帝在西方文化中一直是一个重要形象。这种形象渗透进了每一个西方人的脑海中。在《圣经》中,上帝在方方面面扮演了一个西方人精神支柱的角色。即使在科技发达的现代,上帝也依然存在于西方人的精神世界里,而非被他们完全摒弃。
God is one of the most recognizable figures in the western world. His appearance was closely related to the spread of Christianity in European countries. Since Christianity established its position in the west, god has always been an important image in western culture. This image permeates every western mind. The rise of the late Roman empire, which flourished in medieval Christianity, made western worship of god to the point of deep bone marrow. It is mainly embodied in the biblical text of god's divinity and the human behavior that has shaped the way of life for generations. From the study of the bible and the exploration of life and history in the west, god has played the role of a western spiritual pillar in all aspects. Even in technologically advanced modern times, god still exists in the spiritual world of the west, rather than being completely abandoned by them.
As an Oriental, we are mainly exposed to western culture through mass media. In novels, TV dramas, or real life, we often hear words like "god" and "Lord" coming out of western mouths. In western societies, perhaps no one has the same stature and influence as god. Here's a picture, shown in figure 1, showing us a population survey done in 2005 in European countries. It shows the percentage of the population who answered "I believe in god".
"God is most often understood as a supernatural creator and cosmic supervisor. Theologians have put many different qualities into the concept of god.
Whatever the complexity of the definition given by theologians, it is a reflection of god's image in the common European mind. The most typical scenario is in medieval Europe: members of the family pray before each meal of the day. They think they should be grateful that god has given them food to survive. This is a popular practice from poor people to noble and wealthy families. In government officials and even in the king's activities, they must respect god's will. The will of god is performed by bishops, priests, and priests in every corner of the country. Babies are christened and christened shortly after birth. Young people hold their wedding ceremonies in churches in order to receive god's testimony. The priest is usually invited to be present as the host and witness. When a man dies and is buried, he must be judged by a priest before the coffin is covered with earth. Criminals are often driven away by the church -- a sign of a loss of social life. The pious go to church to find the priest to confess their SINS or talk about their worries. Because god has unlimited authority, power and insight and is omnipresent, he is able to occupy a supreme position in people's life. It is certainly a good thing to be able to get a chance to talk or ask for help from someone as omnipotent as god.
The mythological figure of god first appeared in the jewish bible, and his name was yahweh. He was portrayed as the only god that the Hebrew people should fear, and god created everything. In addition, he freed the israelites from the bondage of the egyptians, and agreed with the israelites ten commandments.
Since European religious culture is deeply influenced by the Hebrew culture, it is not surprising that god is introduced by christians as the object of European worship. The once glorious Roman empire espoused a religion that was very close to the greeks. The Romans believed in a large number of gods, such as Jupiter. In the late Roman empire, however, Christianity, developed from Judaism, quickly spread from Asia to Europe. This religion propagated the doctrine of fraternity and won the allegiance of the people at the bottom of the empire. In the years that followed, god replaced the Roman gods and became the sole ruler of western life. Although the god of the day retained the characteristics of theologians and Judaism, he became more and more "human" since then. In Christianity, one of the definitions of god is to create and sustain the eternal existence of the universe. The Christian bible never talks about god in a non-human way. On the contrary, when it comes to god, there are always some people related to the word -- god as a presence, who speaks, sees, listens, and ACTS and loves. God is believed to have the will, the personality and the universal, divine and compassionate existence. In the scriptures, he is described as the salvation of the heart and man.
In other words, god is gradually taking root in the sea of western brains, not only because of his divinity, but also because of his compassion. This reminds us of the image of the Buddha and other religious gods in Buddhism. Those spirits are soothing to the weak. But the god of Judaism and Christianity is a god, and the only supreme authority. Some differences can be found when we compare the divinity and authority of god and other religious idols.
If you are not a Christian or jewish or any other people of the same god faith, you will easily feel behavior description to god in the bible writings reflected the humanistic characteristics. FIG. 2 is a famous painting of Michelangelo, reflecting the image of the father god in western art. In the painting the author USES his imagination to vividly depict the image of god. In most cases, however, god exists only in the minds of ordinary people without any concrete image. His image was manifested through his deeds.
For example, god can create or destroy. In genesis: "at first god created heaven and earth... God said, let the light shine, and there is light in the world. God called the dome 'heaven'... He had created two great luminaries: the larger one, the one who managed the day, the smaller one who managed the night, and the stars... God said, 'let the earth have its own race: cattle, reptiles and all kinds of animals. '"
Although the ancients have not detailed god how to do all of these wonderful creation work, we will still be able to see him when arranging the world environment as a whole and form of creativity. Every single thing is created with its own unique form and function. All things together constitute a colorful and interconnected world. This makes god look like an outstanding engineer. In addition, he can destroy anything in a short time. The most famous example is the great flood in the age of Noah. When god found that the people of the earth were sinful and unredeemed, he decided to kill all the people he had created to solve the problem. "I will take away all the earth that I have created... He let the flood run for 150 days. Another example is the destruction of sodom and gomorrah. The inhabitants of these two cities have fallen into the evil of god's eyes. Thus, god "drops sulfur and ashes and immediately destroys them". Whatever it is, it will eventually be erased from the world by god. There is no exception.
God loves those who obey him, and those who do not carry out his will. As humans, we also tend to favor those who praise us or do things our way. For those of us who have different views, our subconscious mind is more or less hostile. God is no exception to this point. In the bible, those who respect him, worship him, and pay tribute to him are favored by him. They live, reproduce, build great nations and have great wealth. Noah, Abraham, Joseph, Moses, and David were blessed by faith in god. It is a reflection of our nature. When we read the relevant parts, we are actually reading our own stories. God also has things he does not want to share with humans in order to ensure his creator. The defense of the tree of wisdom and the destruction of the babbitt is a good example. Humans often defend their social status or other status by means of violence or conspiracy. It sounds disgraceful, but it's true. In the bible, we can find a lot of killings or battles between neighbors or relatives, and god usually punishes those who do evil. However, he was not challenged by his own dominance of the universe. When Adam and eve lived in the garden of Eden at the beginning of the world, they were forbidden from the tree of wisdom and the fruit of the tree of life. Once they eat, they will "be able to distinguish between good and evil and get eternal life". Clearly, god doesn't want humans to be equal to him. He needed the lowly creature to support his supremacy. In barbita, god feared that the people of the world would reach the heaven where he lived after the tower was repaired. So he went down and began to speak different languages to the people who built it. He said, "then they will be a people who speak a language! They have to do more than that! So anything they want to do is not going to be impossible. It seems that god is worried and afraid. Otherwise, what would it be? When humans encounter threats at work or in life, they take similar steps to protect themselves.
God's purpose is to punish or reward evil in the world through punishment or reward. In dealing with the original sin, he said to eve, "you will suffer greatly in childbirth, and your descendants will be born in your pain. You will always yearn for the company of your husband, and he will dominate your life. For Adam and the viper, he also gave them other kinds of eternal pain. At this point, we can't help but imagine that eve was in the same position as Adam before she sinned. So it was a heavy punishment to deprive her of her equal status with Adam. Because she has been "dominated by her husband" since then. Now we still punish them by depriving them of their property or freedom.
God still cannot tolerate evil in the things of Adam and eve. When Cain was angry and frustrated with his brother Abel, god reminded him to control his anger to avoid doing evil. But Cain finally killed Abel. God punished him by turning him into a homeless man.
We always hope that good things happen to us, and we hope that criminals will be punished for their evil deeds. God is the best enforcer of the task. God is the only hope in their hearts when ordinary people can't get justice on their own slaves. This is similar to other religions in the world.
For hundreds of years, many generations of westerners have been born and killed in the song of god and his creation. In every aspect of life, they can turn to god. For the confused individual, god is the star; For the corrupted soul, god is the savior; God is an object of worship for those who have ideals and passions.
The six Crusades, which took place between 1096 and 1291, showed the great power of the deity. In the name of god, millions of people were involved in the expedition. In later battles, more civilians were slaughtered. The holy see and the European monarchs fought over and over again. The young people responded enthusiastically to the call to retake the holy city of Jerusalem from muslims. There must be other reasons for the war. But there is no doubt that many people are inspired by religious zeal to join the ranks.
Another example is the reformation in the 16th and 17th centuries. Religious reform is a struggle for ordinary people to fight for rights from the church. Such a man Martin Luther refused to acknowledge that the church on behalf of god. That is, god still guides their lives. But they want to be directed by god directly, rather than being guided by people they think are unqualified. The famous biologist Charles Darwin published "on the origin of species", think it can better explain the relationship between god and human.
From the 17th century to the 19th century, western missionaries traveled all over the continent in order to spread their faith in god. Other religious people rarely go to great lengths to spread religious views. The charm of god in the western mind makes such feats unique and moving.
We can even find them in the formation and creation of the United States because of the firm faith in god and the relentless pursuit of the ideal land. In the minds of the people in the early days of the United States, this country should provide an ideal and fair living environment for its residents. The first settlers of the north American continent experienced a lot of hardships and finally settled down in this new world. They not only survived but thrived. If god is watching, he will be very moved.
Technology has taken over human responsibility for a long time. A lot of people now claim that they don't believe in anything. In today's western countries, there are fewer and fewer religious activities. However, god did not disappear as quickly as we had predicted. All over the world, there are different doctrines that claim to believe in the same god as the group that believes in god. There is also a believer in god among scientists. Work in so-called "pagan" westerners often will also have a mind-set that they came from the center of civilization and in helping those who don't know the person god often throughout their life in a similar to the mentality of god to do things.
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