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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Bank card，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了银行卡。银行卡作为资金管理和使用的载体，应用于人们日常生活中的支付结算，在一定程度上减少了大额现金的交易量，为人们节约了现金保管和携带的成本，现金交易量的降低也无形中对假钞形成了一定的扼制作用，极大地方便了人们日常交易需要。然而，银行卡本身也存在安全问题。银行卡的安全风险一方面来自于银行卡本身技术限制带来的被盗刷风险，另一方面来自于各种自助交易渠道的便捷性带来的诈骗风险。

Bank card as the carrier of the management and use of funds, is applied to the payment and settlement in People's Daily life demand, reduce the cash, especially large cash transactions, for people to save cash storage and carrying cost, lower cash transactions are virtually on counterfeit money has formed certain stem, bringing great need daily transactions. However, although there is no risk of theft, loss or counterfeit of cash, people pay more and more attention to the security of bank CARDS. On the one hand, the security risk of bank CARDS comes from the risk of stolen brush caused by the technical restriction of bank CARDS; on the other hand, it comes from the fraud risk caused by the convenience of various self-service trading channels.

Our original bank card's magnetic stripe card, magnetic stripe card of card information, user as long as in the POS machine or an ATM card, will be in the card's magnetic strip machine information. Some criminals as long as the device stolen card in the machine, such as customer credit card after the stolen device will be credit card's magnetic strip down all information, if peeping into the password at the same time, the card stolen brush risk is very big. Actually has a fixed format, and the magnetic stripe information can pass the information such as card number, the service life in accordance with the format copy to come out, in the same card if you know the one card's magnetic strip information, the other can be calculated with the batch card's basic information, this is equivalent to the batch card has a risk. It is worth mentioning that the cost of cloning CARDS is so low that the occurrence rate of bank CARDS has increased sharply in recent years.

On the other hand, with the development of communication business, telecom fraud has become a hot word on the Internet. Criminals use telephone, SMS, fabricating false information network, the implementation of fraud, induce cardholders through self-service machine or electronic bank transfer remittance, diddle money inside card, the cardholder capital losses. Because criminals are using the remote control, non-contact way of fraud, and use the other name of account transfer funds quickly, so after the capture of the criminals are more likely, the difficulty of the loss. According to statistics, in 2013, there were more than 300,000 cases of China telecom fraud, and the public lost more than 10 billion yuan.

Prepaid card is also called prepaid card, as the name implies, it is the user in advance funds stored in the card, when consumption is directly deducted from the card of the corresponding funds card. At present, in addition to a small amount of advance payments issued by financial institutions, most of China's advance payments are issued by non-financial commercial institutions. The types of stored value CARDS can be roughly divided into two categories. One is prepaid CARDS issued by a specific commercial institution and used only in the organization, such as suguo supermarket CARDS. The other is issued by a special third party distributor, which can be used by many franchisees. Such prepaid CARDS are more widely used than the first one. The existence of the prepaid card can greatly satisfy the demand of People's Daily small facilitation payments, according to the single use commercial prepaid card industry in China in 2013 report said that 2013 national prepaid card hairpin total amount to 860 billion yuan.

In the era of mobile Internet, personal intelligent terminals, cloud storage, data analysis, sound and image technology, a variety of techniques such as superposition of payment will gradually shift from card base pay pay no card base. As the carrier of funds, bank card is a payment tool, which realizes the payment and settlement function through the dedicated terminals of such financial industry standards as ATM and POS machines. But this kind of special terminal layout influenced by the environment and to accept the standard control, cannot achieve indiscriminate layout, affect the universality and efficiency of the bank card used, and this kind of special terminal installation costs and maintenance costs are high amount. Mobile phones and computers have naturally become the most convenient function of personal payment terminals around people. The future payment terminal system will be based on mobile phones and computers. For example, la carra "installs the POS terminal on the phone". However, due to the cost of hardware, such peripheral payment terminals will also face a huge test in the near future. In fact, now all kinds of innovative third-party payment institutions to launch mobile client, without hardware can realize the transfer of money, since its launch, this kind of part payment quickly occupied the market. Qr code scanning payments are also on the rise as a new force. So it seems that with the development of Internet technology, money becomes electronic, and bank CARDS, as a physical carrier, are losing their use.

Bank CARDS face so many strong external enemies, and the war in the bank card issuing market is becoming more and more fierce. As many as 300 card issuing institutions compete for the market, it can be said that there are "internal worries and external troubles". All Banks have been caught up in this quiet revolution. Instead of passively accepting, they should actively respond, actively transform and innovate products.

China has formulated a five-year "core exchange" plan: state-owned commercial Banks should issue financial IC CARDS by the end of 2013. National joint-stock commercial Banks should issue financial IC CARDS by the end of 2015. Since January 1, 2015, all newly issued bank CARDS should be financial IC CARDS. This means that the bank card "magnetic stripe era" will be completely out of the historical stage. Chip card cost is higher than a magnetic stripe card cost, however, most Banks recommend client in chip card from fees and the rate of new chip card and magnetic stripe CARDS, as a result, many bank "core" of the process is slow, enthusiasm is not high. Chip card instead of a magnetic stripe card is the inevitable result of the security requirements, so commercial Banks late action as early, use of security is a selling point, x to attract customers, but also can reduce the legal risks, enhance reputation.

In addition, with the progress of science and technology, such as fingerprint recognition, facial recognition technology has been applied in the field of mobile phone, computer information security and so on, with the further maturity of the technology, in the future, bank card password authentication will gradually to identity authentication, biological authentication, the security of the bank card will be further improved.

From the initial simple access to cash, to now online banking, mobile banking functions, public utility fees withholding and paying, investment and financial functions, the bank card functions more and more extensive. IC card since its launch, also introduced the function of electronic cash accounts, the electronic cash accounts prepaid phone, after can be small in certain merchants without pay, can be understood as have the function that the prepaid card, but the use of this function requires businesses to install chip card reader, at present our country most of the POS machine also only supports magnetic stripe CARDS, so restricting the development of the function. As a carrier, bank CARDS can be bound to multiple accounts. At present, bank CARDS have been bound to current, fixed and foreign currency accounts of the same bank. Data mentioned above you can see, at present, China's per capita amount of card for 3 pieces, plus all kinds of prepaid card, membership card, the integral card, etc., card wallet has become a heavy burden on, more and more people to complain, too many CARDS. Card function into the trend of The Times, in the future, with debit and credit card is a card, bank card and membership card is the same card, so the bank account can be associated with a card, then when the time comes, a card around the world will become a reality.

The development of electronic payment leads to card-free payment behavior. However, the characteristics of electronic payment determine that its users must be familiar with the Internet and intelligent terminals, and trust the security of electronic payment. Security concerns about Internet viruses have also limited the development of electronic payments to some extent. People's payment habits and payment psychology have determined that people have more confidence in the security of terminals dedicated to financial institutions. Therefore, cargill payment will still be the main payment method for people in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance to introduce personalized bank card products to attract different customer groups and expand market share.

In 2012, the territory of China bank card consumption accounting for the proportion of total retail sales of social consumer goods for the whole year of 43.50%, has reached the level of 55% in the developed countries, so the Chinese bankcard to think about the next step is how to "go out". With the increase of income level, more and more people are traveling abroad and studying abroad. L. The United Nations world tourism organization said in a statement that China had surpassed the United States and other countries to become the world's largest international tourist consumer in 2012, and that China's overseas consumption has exceeded hundreds of billions of dollars. With the fierce competition in the domestic market and the difficulty in market development, it has become a new direction for commercial Banks to enter the overseas market. Moreover, overseas consumers tend to be high-income groups. If they can establish customer stickiness through CARDS used abroad, it will also help promote the expansion of domestic bank card business.

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