r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Interest rate liberalization，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了利率市场化。利率市场化，指的就是存贷款利率由各商业银行根据资金市场的供求关系来调节，最终形成以央行利率为引导，以同业拆借利率为金融市场的基准利率，各种利率保持合理利差和分层有效传导的利率体系。利率市场化是金融业走向市场化的重要步骤，也是经济体制转变为市场经济的基本标志之一。

Interest rate liberalization is the objective need and inevitable result of the development of financial industry to a certain degree, and also the core issue of a country's economic system reform. With the deepening of interest rate marketization, the marketization of China's commercial Banks will face a huge impact, understanding these effects, especially the risk and take effective measures to prevent commercial Banks must be solved in the process of marketization is important problem, this article is based on the analysis of market-oriented interest rate risk and puts forward some countermeasures.

Marketization of interest rates generally refers to the deposit and lending rates by commercial Banks according to the capital market supply and demand adjustment, eventually become the central bank interest rate as the guidance, in interbank lending interest rate as the benchmark interest rates in financial markets, all kinds of reasonable interest rates to keep spreads and layered transmission system of interest rate effectively, including interest rate decisions, interest rates, interest rate structure and interest rate management, and other aspects. There are two ways to understand interest rate liberalization: first, from the perspective of the market, interest rate liberalization means the government completely or partially abandons the direct control of interest rates, which are determined by the supply and demand of funds in the market and spontaneously adjusted according to the law of value. Second, from the perspective of system, interest rate liberalization refers to that in a certain period, the central bank influences and promotes the realization of monetary policy objectives and the development of national economy through the effect of interest rate policy under the regulation of market mechanism in accordance with the actual economic environment and economic policy requirements.

Interest rate liberalization is an important step of China's financial industry towards marketization and one of the basic signs of China's economic system transforming into a market economy. For China to achieve opening-up and participate in economic and financial globalization, it is necessary to combine the issue of RMB interest rate, RMB free convertibility, exchange rate and capital account opening into a comprehensive consideration, which will inevitably require the liberalization of RMB interest rate.

As the main body of China's financial system, commercial Banks are also the financial intermediaries most exposed to risks in the process of interest rate liberalization reform. The influence of interest rate liberalization on commercial Banks is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Commercial bank deposit and loan interest rate narrowing, operating risk increases. China has chosen to control the upper limit of deposit interest rate and lower limit of loan interest rate under the condition of maintaining the basic deposit and loan interest rate spread between Banks. This practice of restricting the allocation of financial resources is largely to ensure that commercial Banks, especially state-owned commercial Banks, can easily obtain high profits. If deposit rates rise and lending rates fall, or if lending rates rise less than deposit rates rise, the spread between deposits and loans shrinks. However, once the regulated interest rate is released after the marketization, capital surplus holders have the right to decide on deposit. For Banks to compete for customers with the pricing of deposit funds, the deposit interest rate is bound to rise. At present, China's banking industry is single in business, with the income from deposit and loan interest rate as the main source of profit, which undoubtedly constitutes a fatal blow to commercial Banks.

Under the interest rate liberalization, the traditional business structure and customer structure can not adapt to the development of marketization. For a long time, China's commercial Banks have adopted the business model with the traditional deposit and loan business as the core, the operating profits are heavily dependent on interest income, and the business development is overly dependent on the customers of large and medium-sized companies, forming the serious "homogeneity" of the business structure, customer structure and credit investment. After the release of interest rate control, the income of single deposit and loan interest rate spread cannot meet the survival needs of Banks, and the commercial Banks are urgently required to adjust their operation strategy and business structure, so that the risks and pressure they face will increase.

Interest rate risk will become the main risk facing commercial Banks. Interest rate risk refers to the risk of loss of bank income and assets caused by asymmetric changes of asset income and value relative to liabilities cost and value caused by interest rate fluctuations. According to the status quo of commercial Banks, the interest rate risks that Chinese commercial Banks may face under the interest rate liberalization include: interest rate structure risk, yield curve risk, option risk and credit risk.

We will accelerate the reform of commercial Banks and establish a modern commercial banking system. To accelerate the reform of commercial Banks, we must establish the modern commercial banking system. In interest rate liberalization, commercial Banks, on the one hand, should act as the central bank's monetary policy intermediary, and on the other hand, should regulate the behavior of enterprises and residents according to the intention of monetary policy. The intermediary position of commercial bank requires that it must be an economic entity with self-financing and profit maximization, otherwise it cannot play an intermediary role. So to establish a modern commercial bank system to property rights reform as the breach, the joint stock system as the path, to construct a perfect corporate governance structure as the core, strengthen the internal control mechanism, risk prevention mechanism of incentive and constraint, perfect risk management system, we will accelerate the establishment of a bank products pricing system, improve the pricing power, making Banks operate independently, self-financing, to balance the self-restraint, corporate entities, conscientiously carry out according to the requirements of profitability, safety and liquidity management activity.

Vigorously develop intermediate business, expand market development space, foster new profit growth point. Intermediate business refers to the business that does not constitute the assets and liabilities in the statement of a commercial bank and forms the bank's non-interest income. It is neither subject to interest rate fluctuations nor hogging funds, and is a non-carry product. Therefore, we should fully understand the importance and urgency of expanding intermediate business income, change the management idea, speed up business innovation, vigorously develop intermediate business, offset the negative impact of interest rate liberalization on interest rate yield from the incremental perspective, strive to increase the proportion of non-interest income, and cultivate new profit growth points.

The establishment of a unified and orderly inter-bank lending market promotes the formation and improvement of the market interest rate system as soon as possible. The interbank market interest rate is the benchmark interest rate in China's financial market. We should establish an inter-bank market organization system on the basis of the existing capital market. Commercial Banks can set up an inter-bank lending intermediary to take charge of the adjustment of the balance of funds within the system. Secondly, it establishes a national capital financing center to adjust the surplus and shortage of funds across systems and regions, and provides quotation and consulting services for the national inter-bank borrowing market.

We will accelerate financial innovation and develop derivatives. Under the condition of interest rate liberalization, all participants in the financial market will inevitably bear the risk of interest rate changes. On the one hand, for the public, interest rate risk is highlighted after interest rate liberalization. Their demand for financial products with value preservation and appreciation increases. Commercial Banks need to launch financial products different from the previous ones to meet the demand of customers. On the other hand, after the interest rate liberalization, the deposit and loan spreads of commercial Banks are reduced and the competition between Banks is intensified, which also requires commercial Banks to seek new ways of profit. Therefore, only by actively carrying out financial innovation, expanding business space, and timely launching financial derivatives such as financial futures, options and swaps to avoid and disperse interest rate risks, can commercial Banks survive and achieve sustainable development in the fierce market competition.

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有；未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象，51Due保留一切法律追诉权。