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本篇paper代写- The operation and development of Japanese newspapers讨论了日本报业的经营发展。在世界上的主要国家中，日本是新闻业发展较为突出的国家之一，日本报纸的发行量在世界各国的报纸中长期遥遥领先。无论是在过去传统媒体为主流的纸媒时代，还是在备受新媒体冲击的当今时代，日本报纸都有着良好的发展，这得益于其独特的报纸发行制度，报纸质量优势，报业良好环境和报纸集团化经营的商业模式。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

Among the major countries in the world, Japan is one of the countries with prominent development of journalism, and the circulation of Japanese newspapers is far ahead in the world for a long time. As a country with only 378,000 square kilometers and 126 million people, Japan has newspapers with circulation of tens of millions like yomiuri shimbun and asahi shimbun. The development and distribution of Japanese newspapers have their unique advantages.

Japan's media industry development in the world are in development, especially the penetration and Japanese newspaper circulation, a commanding lead in a long time, Japan gradually formed by the yomiuri shimbun, the asahi newspaper the daily news "Japanese economic news" economic news "five company, now still dominate the Japanese newspapers, thanks to its unique characteristics and advantages of development.

Japan's main newspapers generally have relatively high quality of running a newspaper, the content of the newspaper objective, true, timely reporting, timeliness is strong. Moreover, almost every newspaper has its own principles of running a newspaper and clear positioning of a newspaper. For example, major Japanese media such as mainichi shimbun, asahi shimbun and nihon keizai shimbun all have their own distinct positions, insisting on journalistic professionalism and the principle of objectivity. The mainstream media in Japan, represented by mainichi shimbun and asahi shimbun, criticized the unconstitutional behavior of Japanese prime minister's visit to the yasukuni shrine and the tampering of textbooks in Japanese education. With a certain degree of professionalism, nihon keizai shimbun, based on the interests of the public, provides objective and accurate references for economic news, which has a great influence on the readers of the middle class. Not only influential mainstream media need to stand up for peace and justice, but any newspaper that wants to achieve good development needs to have its own insistence and meet the interests of the majority of the people in order to achieve sustainable development.

The Japanese industry has formulated the industry standard of the newspaper industry in a self-regulated way from its own point of view, so the overall environment of the Japanese newspaper industry is generally good. In the Japanese newspaper industry, the Japan press association, the Japanese local press association and the Japanese industry press association are all self-management organizations within the newspaper industry, among which the Japan press association is the largest organization with the most influential and most famous. These associations independently established by the newspaper industry have formulated a series of guidelines, regulations and rules for the interview and editing of newspaper contents, as well as the sale and selling of newspapers, so as to regulate the behaviors and norms of news organizations and journalists and make efforts to create a good Japanese newspaper environment. Japanese newspapers have a high demand for staff, so the employees of news professionalism is higher, especially in the fusion of media development, under the trend of the news staff editorial review written translation of various aspects such as have the need of the higher professional media practitioners to improve natural to ensure newspapers can not only reflects the freedom of speech and the corresponding responsibility.

In this way, the quality of the newspaper is relatively guaranteed, so as to gain the trust of the public and obtain a relatively stable readership, thereby increasing the circulation of the newspaper and providing sufficient financial support for the future development of the newspaper.

Japanese newspapers all have a complete distribution system and unique distribution system. In Japan, there are two kinds of companies responsible for distributing newspapers in the region. The other is a syndicate, which distributes all newspapers in the area. This kind of distribution mode is win-win for newspapers and distribution shops. In order to maintain stable development, newspaper distribution shops need to have a stable circulation, and in order to achieve good development, they will inevitably choose a newspaper with a high circulation and a large income. It also saves the cost of operation and distribution for the newspaper to use the distribution store to distribute the newspaper. Secondly, the newspaper can invest in the distribution after obtaining good economic benefits. The cooperation between the newspaper and the distribution store reaches a virtuous circle.

Japan's high circulation also benefits from its unique newspaper distribution system, known as "in-house preparation," or door-to-door delivery of newspapers. Japan more than 90% of the newspapers are by readers in the hands of home delivery service, directly by the newspaper shop sent staff to the user home delivering newspaper, newspaper as daily necessities such as water and electricity will reach home, get into the habit of reading newspapers every day, such an approach to stabilize circulation is a big help, Japanese newspaper association on the timeliness and accuracy for home delivery system with strict management, and store for these workers often set a certain task workload, so "curtilage preparation" to strive for and stable readers also have very good effect.

The unique distribution system and various distribution systems of Japanese newspapers have a great impact on attracting readers and stabilizing circulation.

Japanese newspapers have a good environment for development, the Japanese are generally have the habit of reading the newspaper, even in radio and television and the Internet rapid development in modern times, the Japanese trust degree is higher than that of the new media of newspapers, according to the survey of the Japanese communication association issued "on the mass media in 2014 poll", according to the information on the comparison of confidence in Japanese newspaper is 69.2, second only to the public broadcaster NHK, but much higher than the Internet.

In 1988, the Japanese press association established NIE committee, namely Newspaper In Education, namely "Newspaper In Education", to cultivate teenagers' habit of reading newspapers and their love for newspapers by introducing newspapers into teaching. The implementation of this project not only increases the interest of young people in reading newspapers but also helps them understand current affairs and politics, forming a good habit of lifelong learning.

Also has appeared in the process of the development of the Japanese newspapers bad behavior of market competition, in order to restore order to the stability of the market competition, the Japanese major newspapers spontaneous appeals to the government formulated a series of laws and regulations, in such a background, the system of "selling" arises at the historic moment, newspapers from newspaper to newspaper shop sale process, release from the shop to the consumers, so the paper is through the secondary sales, "resale system" is the second time sale price fixed system, in accordance with the uniform price to sell prescribed by the manufacturer. This can stabilize newspaper prices, resist vicious price gouging and unhealthy competition, and protect the rights and interests of consumers. The circulation of maintaining the order of market competition, the Japanese auditing system with ABC institutions cooperate between circulations it helps that a newspaper is to measure the newspaper circulation is good or bad, is an important index of popular, is also the importance of how to choose a newspaper to deliver advertisers reference data, to the newspaper's sound development, also in order to win a higher advertising revenue, will inevitably occur circulation of fraud behavior, so the existence of the circulations is very necessary. Audit bureau of circulation to the public more accurate and fair circulation of various newspapers, avoid the newspaper circulation fraud behavior, for advertisers to accurately deliver advertising reference. Good newspaper environment provides strong support for orderly competition in the newspaper market and is conducive to the healthy development of the newspaper industry.

Most newspapers in Japan have long been implementing three-dimensional management and collectivization. In order to achieve the transformation and upgrading in the new era to achieve sustainable development conducted a useful exploration.

All the five major newspapers in Japan carry out three-dimensional operation. They not only own paper media, but also operate radio, television and Internet. An important way of three-dimensional operation is to broaden the source of income and change the situation of maintaining the newspaper operation only by newspaper sales and advertising revenue. New communication technologies and means are used to develop new business types combined with newspapers' own advantages, such as the cooperation between newspapers and radio and television stations. Major newspapers in Japan have established a binding system with TV stations. Such as the yomiuri shimbun, Japan's television station, the asahi shimbun, which owns TV asahi, Japan's television and TV asahi across the country are very high ratings and influence, the yomiuri shimbun and asahi shimbun, respectively, have the news information network are provided for the local TV news resources. Newspaper groups make use of the good brand image established by newspapers, integrate the resource advantages of newspaper groups, actively develop various industries related to newspapers, develop related undertakings, increase revenue for newspaper groups and improve the overall competitiveness.

The three-dimensional operation and collectivization management of newspapers have broadened the development channels of newspapers, and correspondingly broadened the income sources of newspaper groups, and changed the single income mainly relying on newspaper sales or advertising income in the past. At the same time, the press group of good earnings in addition to other projects for the newspaper to invest in construction in order to further development, also eased the newspaper industry may face pressure from competition in the market economy, provide financial support to the objective development of newspapers, which needn't influenced by advertisers or other consortium, adhere to the journalistic professionalism, adhering to the principle of the objectivity of the news.

Under the general trend of rapid development of new Internet media, even the traditional Japanese media with a brilliant history needs to carry out a series of changes to comply with the new development trend and new market changes.

Newspaper through the digital transformation to adapt to the development of the high-tech era, Japan each big mainstream media have established their own websites, in 1995, the asahi shimbun and built up a website, the yomiuri shimbun, in addition to providing electronic newspapers and news on its website, also cooperate with other major web portals, take advantage of their own content, providing support, web portal, more developed search engine technology and large user clicks also provide technical support for the electronic press information.

The development trend of comprehensive information industry is inevitable for all major media in order to achieve good development. Take asahi shimbun as an example, in addition to developing its own business, publishing Japanese, foreign language newspapers, magazines, books and other publications, and publishing electronic newspapers on asahi news website. Asahi shimbun also vigorously develops the related businesses related to the company, such as radio and television, video advertising, etc. Asahi shimbun actively engages in the planning and holding of exhibitions, concerts, plays, sports and other activities.

Although in the past traditional media as the mainstream of the paper media era, or in the current era of the impact of new media, Japanese newspapers still have a good development, its unique newspaper distribution system, newspaper quality advantage, good environment of the newspaper industry and the business model of newspaper group management are worth learning from China's traditional media. Gradually came into people's lives, but with the mobile Internet young generation as "indigenous" of the new media era, it is difficult to completely get rid of the influence of the electronic age, as the news of the client, the popularity of news to push this style of news reading, people are likely to reduce the reading newspapers, so how to restore and maintain print alive and vibrant, is still need us to think about problems.

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