Essay代写：Sweden's child welfare system－r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Sweden's child welfare system，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了瑞典的儿童福利体系。作为社会民主主义福利体制的代表，瑞典以其完备的福利制度成为世界福利国家的“典范”。在瑞典，对儿童的经济支持主要体现在父母保险制度和儿童津贴制度上。瑞典父母保险制度的主要目标是追求儿童的幸福，女性的经济独立，以及父亲更多参与家庭生活。瑞典有各种形式的家庭经济支持，致力于创造一个良好的经济生活环境，增加家庭的自由度，促进儿童更好的成长。

As a parliamentary democracy, the Swedish government is divided into three levels of management: central government, county council and local government. Different levels assume different responsibilities with clear division of labor, but there is no obvious hierarchy. Child welfare services are also mainly managed and implemented from these three levels.

At the central government level, the Swedish parliament exercises legislative power on behalf of children. The government is responsible for implementing the decisions of the parliament and has the power to propose amendments to and create new legislation on child welfare. Among them, various government departments cooperate with each other to fulfill this responsibility. For example, Swedish public health department, disease surveillance and national health council, and national health and welfare council are responsible for the formulation and implementation of health care policies for children.

In Sweden, there are 21 counties, and each county has its own administrative committee, which exercises governmental powers on behalf of the government at the district level. In terms of child welfare, the county council mainly undertakes two responsibilities. First, it is responsible for supervising and evaluating the provision of child welfare services by the local government and promoting the local government to implement and carry out specific child services more effectively through timely communication and feedback. Second, to be responsible for organizing and carrying out children's health and medical services.

Below the prefectures are local governments, the smallest unit of government, with 290 local governments in Sweden. Each local government has an elected committee that exercises executive power at the local level, including organizing and implementing specific welfare services. In Sweden, the specific work of child welfare services is undertaken by each local government. They are mutually independent and have great autonomy and freedom to decide the investigation, evaluation, planning and other specific service details of child welfare services. This level of welfare services is funded mainly by taxes and government financial support.

In Sweden, financial support for children is mainly reflected in the parental insurance system and child allowance system. The main goals of the Swedish parental insurance system are to pursue the happiness of children, the financial independence of women and the greater involvement of fathers in family life. Sweden has a variety of forms of family economic support, committed to creating a good economic living environment, increase the freedom of the family, promote the better growth of children.

Parents' allowance, the parents of the child can receive parents' allowance, which is used to compensate the economic loss caused by the parents leaving the work after the child is born, so that the parents can have peace of mind to raise and take care of the child, and the parents who adopt the child can also enjoy the parents' allowance when adopting the child. Parents' subsidies in the mother's side are calculated from 60 days away from the expected date of delivery, and continue until the child reaches the age of 8 or the end of the first grade of primary school, can receive subsidies from relevant departments. In order to show gender equality and share responsibility with fathers, Swedish welfare law also stipulates that fathers take at least 60 days of maternity leave.

Pregnancy benefits. In the later stages of pregnancy, women, especially those in physical work, may ask their employers to change their positions due to changes in their physical condition.

Temporary parental allowance. When a child is ill and needs care, both parents have the right to leave work to take care of the sick child and receive a temporary allowance to cover the loss of being unable to work. Temporary subsidies can also be paid to both parents in other ways. Parents can claim up to 60 days of care per child per year, at 80 per cent of the standard salary, and under normal circumstances only children under the age of 12 receive temporary parental benefits. If the child is disabled due to illness, the child can receive the disabled child care allowance, but can not apply for temporary parental allowance. In addition, the father will receive a temporary parental allowance of 10 days at the birth of the child, and the adoptive parents will each receive a temporary parental allowance of 5 days at the beginning of the adoption.

Child subsidies, including basic child subsidies, extended child subsidies and extended family subsidies, aim to narrow the gap in living standards between families with and without children. The subsidy period of basic child subsidy is from the month when the child is born to the last month of the quarter when the child reaches the age of 16. Currently, the government pays families 1,050 Swedish kronor per month. If the child is still receiving compulsory education or equivalent education in other schools after the age of 16, he/she can continue to receive the extended child subsidy until the month when the child completes the compulsory education, which is also kronor 1,050 per month. In addition, to encourage fertility, families can receive extended family subsidies when their second child is born, and the more children there are, the higher the subsidy will be. Family subsidies for family has two or more children, families with two children in addition to every child will receive 1050 kronor a month child allowance, a month may obtain 100 kroner, the other three children family every month on the basis of 100 kroner to obtain 354 kroner, four children in the family also may obtain 860 Swedish kronor per month, five children in the family can also get 1050 kronor.

Swedish children can enjoy all kinds of public childcare services from the age of one. Pre-school activities are available for children who are not enrolled and school-age child care is available for children who are enrolled. Public childcare services in Sweden include regular kindergartens that are open all year round, as well as municipal children's workers who provide door-to-door child care at different times, and parents and children can attend open kindergartens at the same time. Not only are most of these public services free of charge, but there are also different opening hours for parents to arrange their own work and study.

Since it is not advocated to provide for children in a welfare home for children, the foster care service for children in Sweden, whether it is compulsory foster care for children or adoption of orphaned or disabled children, mainly adopts family foster care, that is, foster care in a complete family. Another form of foster care is child foster care, which focuses on parents who are unable to perform their duties in the short term.

The protection of children's rights and interests, mainly for the poor environment, the protection of children's rights in the family and the resulting custody disputes, which is also the main content of social work in the field of child care in Sweden. In Sweden, if the parents bad habits such as alcohol, drugs or some problems such as domestic violence, the family will be considered poor family, the government will adopt compulsory raising measures for children in the family, to parents of children raised compulsory measures, the government of children's services staff for four or five times a year home visits, assess its raised to restore power.

In Sweden, children's education is divided into two stages: preschool education and compulsory education. The term education stage is the period for children over 6 years old to participate in education. This stage of education mainly stimulates each child's learning and development ability and interest, lays a foundation for continuing education, and urges parents to better integrate the relationship between parental identity and work or study. Education services are provided by local governments, in close cooperation with the central government, and more than 80 percent of the cost of teaching is borne by the public. Children in preschool education have access to a variety of recreational activities until they enter the compulsory education stage. Compulsory education is completely free for every child.

Swedish children's health care system has developed into a complete and integrated system. Both financial expenditure and delivery of health care services are carried out by the public sector. Most Swedish hospitals, local health care centers, children's and women's clinics are publicly and publicly managed. These health care centers provide a variety of services for children ages 0 to 6 and their parents, including home visits, breast-feeding, dietary counseling, physical examinations, vaccinations, hearing and visual examinations, all of which are free of charge. Because all the services are free. Free hospitalization is available for children under 16; Parents who visit children under 10 May receive at least one transportation subsidy during their stay in the hospital. In addition, in most parts of Sweden, each child has a special caregiver to whom they can turn when their parents are too busy working to take care of a sick child. Finally, the Swedish dental service is independent, and children under the age of 16 can enjoy free dental services in public health institutions.

Swedish child welfare system for every child in Sweden, especially for special children. The Swedish government regards vulnerable children as having the same rights as ordinary children, and strives to provide welfare services for vulnerable children as well as ordinary children to ensure their healthy growth. Major welfare services include:

The government of Sweden provides financial support to foster care of foreign children through authorized organizations; Social services departments will also provide parents who want to foster foreign children with research reports on their children's family conditions to better understand their living conditions.

Children who lose parents can receive a certain amount of child pension. The goal is to make up for lost parental care and support. If a child cannot get or receives a smaller pension, another form of benefit, the survival benefit, is available.

The living allowance protects the right of children to receive some support, such as a living allowance, when both parents live separately or when the parents who are required to pay for living expenses do not fulfil their obligations. Child support is paid to a parent who lives with the child or distributed directly to the child. Social services can also help separated parents when they can't agree on child support, housing, and child care.

Disabled child allowance, this allowance is mainly faced with the home to take care of disabled children or sick parents, that is to say, parents at home to take care of disabled children, can get the corresponding allowance, used to compensate for the loss of no work. To be eligible for the allowance, a child needs to receive at least six months of special supervision and care, or a disability or illness can incur significant additional costs.

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