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英国essay论文精选范文：“网络文学批评”，这篇论文讨论了网络文学批评。互联网的迅猛发展为文学的普及尤其是文学创作的普及带来了前所未有的便利，这时，“网络文学”便诞生了。传播形式以及阅读形式的变化带来了作者，作品，读者的改变。作为批评者，批评方法，批评标准也随之变化。网络文学批评颠覆了传统媒介单向的传播模式，批评者可以随时评论文章。

"Public" means that anything that appears in public can be seen and heard, and has the greatest degree of openness. German philosopher and sociologist Habermas believes that this is a public freedom of communication and open dialogue process, is a public right to express the views of the mechanism. Sun Zhenhua, a Chinese scholar, said: "Publicity means communication, which means communication. It emphasizes the common social order and individual social responsibility on the basis of respecting the equal rights of every individual." Today, in the era of networked, public space in addition to the traditional sense of urban public buildings such as streets, stations, parks, also refers to the virtual network space. Through the network, people beyond the time and space constraints, spontaneously gathered together to form a huge, loose, open, flexible communication circle.

The past, whether reading or communication, literature can only be carried out in paper form, and the emergence of the network so that the face of literature has undergone tremendous changes. Network literature refers to all the literary styles after processing electronically, and it covers all the literary works spread on the network. These literary works include the electronic version of the paper text, which simply puts the paper text on the web; also refers to the creation on the computer, and then sent to the Internet, the reader can read online or download. Thus, depending on the network, a new type of literature forms the integration of the author, the work, the reader, and the critics.

As the technical support network, marking the literary creation is no longer a privilege of a few people, it really began to be the public control and use. As long as you literacy, as long as you like, any text can be written, sent to the Internet, the moment can be seen by readers around the world. From creation to dissemination to the audience to criticism, your role can be converted at will. In the network of virtual space, there is no real identity requirements, status gap, the value of high and low, everyone is equal to the network unit. As stated in the Cyberspace Declaration of Independence: "We are creating a world in which everyone can enter, without the privileges and arrogance that come from race, economic power, military power or origin." We are creating a world of every one People everywhere can express his or her no matter how single beliefs of the world. "There is no doubt that the network media with its openness, compatibility, interactivity, real-time, sharing the advantages of today's society has become the most Influential media, overnight, it is almost the social "clean sweep." However, we cannot ignore the problems caused by the network, but cannot ignore the survival of traditional media space.

As the link between the author, works, readers of the link between the critics, was originally an integral part of the entire literary activities, the network involved, and further promote the development of critics. The so-called network critics, is the network as the carrier of criticism, with criticism of the special literary workers.

First of all, the network literature criticism to subvert the traditional media one-way communication mode. Critics can publish criticism at any time, non-critics of the author, the reader can also be the first time critical comments on the article, almost "face-to-face" communication formed. Because of the change of the carrier of the criticism, the critics have changed from the original passive role to the self-marketing role, they can build their own voice without the need to be reviewed and modified. It can be seen that criticism is no longer an annotation of a work, but a dynamic activity that is both a critique and a reader's reading, judging and feedback, and establishing a complete critical process. Secondly, the types of criticism become diversified. Including criticism from the traditional media that is the paper electronic version of the paper; due to the rapid spread of timely coverage, news criticism, knowledge of popular criticism has become a major component of the network of literary criticism, the typical way is a variety of portals ; "Micro-criticism" refers to the microblogging, the number of words limited to less than 140 words of criticism, entirely belonging to personal improvisation of the few words, the most popular social way with a broad mass base. Third, the standard of criticism is diversified. Network criticism because of the focus on timeliness, topic and public nature, so "short, flat, fast" has become a significant feature. Coupled with the means of multimedia communication, critics in addition to text, you can also use pictures, sound, audio files and other forms of material to support their own arguments.

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In the world of network literature, reading easily and without burden is the mentality of most readers. The purpose of strong entertainment is to make people refuse to deepen their experience and to amplify their self-feeling. The improvisation and intuitionistic way of making the works make the network literary criticism more In the flooding, and even emotional, boring. This is not only a challenge to the authority of criticism, but also a desecration of the seriousness of criticism, but cannot deny that it also gives the general public the opportunity to participate in criticism and question authority. Although it lacks meaning and cannot bear the test of time, it enriches the language of criticism and becomes a characteristic of network literature criticism. It is a kind of criticism system which is composed of different criticism systems. .

The object of cyberculture criticism is generally the most important topic of current works, and thus the timeliness of critical text has become an important factor. In the face of the work, some critics will inevitably only from its close to the public as a basis for judging, so the works, the reader is unreasonable. Cannot be denied that any literary works are derived from the public, from the public, but does not mean that all the needs of the public should be met, not because of the timeliness and reduce the value of criticism. As the critics must be correct criticism of consciousness, to understand the purpose of criticism is through the analysis and interpretation of literary works, inspire the author's creation, to guide readers to correctly understand the work and improve the ability to appreciate. If the critics only meet the readers and give up the criticism position, they will have a negative impact on the development of literature in the long run. What the reader should really change is the literary criticism itself, whether the traditional media or the network medium.

As critics, the power of criticism is crucial. As a result of the freedom and equality brought by the network, the practice of criticism cannot be professional literature knowledge, and some professional, authoritative critics at some point will become commercial hype "drummer". For these reasons, even the electronic version of the paper criticism text is not taken seriously, even the professional criticism of the site, the power of its criticism is not enough. Network for the development of literature provides a good technical support, but it also needs to constantly improve itself, such as network monitoring, authority recognition are not yet mature. Only by confronting the positive and negative effects brought by the network for literary criticism, and by upholding the duties of the critics, can we make the literary activities benign and develop the criticism system together with the traditional media.

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