Paper代写：Byzantine mosaic－r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Byzantine mosaic，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了拜占庭镶嵌画。拜占庭由于地理位置的特殊性，它的镶嵌画艺术既有古希腊罗马的风格，也有古代东方的艺术气息，另一方面，拜占庭镶嵌画出现的地方一般在比较高贵的宗教建筑中，因此它的形式受建筑结构的影响较大，它的在风格和内容上的发展及转变与基督教势力的发展壮大密不可分。

Mosaic is a very old kind of painting, not only has a long history, but also is widely distributed throughout the world, its existence has many kinds of artistic forms, from the cobbled cobble ground to the wall or the black and white or the colorful icon painting, from the palace decoration to the church crest, has his shadow. Byzantine mosaic is one of the most influential art, both in scale and in artistic achievement.

Mosaic, is commonly known as mosaic, it is not the unique art form of the Byzantine Empire, but it has also been fully developed in the centuries of prosperity of the Byzantine Empire, but it has not been particularly positive based on the medieval impression, so that the mosaic of the Byzantine Empire has not been fully recognized, But this does not mean that the art form is not good enough. The Byzantine Empire had very unique geographical conditions, its central region, in the Balkans and now in the western part of Turkey, is a multi-ethnic environment in which cultural influences include the Eastern Ancient and the Armenian region, the two rivers in the Southwest and Palestine, and the ancient Greek and Roman art left over, The integration of this diverse art has given the Byzantine arts ample room for development. In a way, mosaic is a symbol of Byzantine art, because of its technological and cost particularity, Byzantine mosaics are generally found in churches, royal palaces, Imperial tombs or monasteries, rarely in the homes of civilians or in country churches.

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Because of the particularity of its geographical location, Byzantine art has both the ancient Greek and Roman style and the art of ancient Oriental, on the other hand, the appearance of Byzantine mosaic is generally in the more noble religious buildings, so its form is influenced by the building structure, Its development and transformation in style and content are inseparable with the development and expansion of the Christian power. At the beginning of the Byzantine Empire, the style of inlay painting has a very obvious ancient Roman style, there are more floor mosaics, the exquisite mosaic painting placed on the floor, the picture will appear Angel Cupid, Birds and beasts, flowers and birds, coupled with beautiful geometric patterns, to give people a sense of beauty.

The early Byzantine architecture had not been well developed, and Christians had not yet built an era-style church, on the one hand, they used the temple they had built to worship the idol, on the other hand, to actively build more reasonable and comfortable church buildings. The Basilica church is the first to be used in a church style, the advantage of this style is that the interior space is large, suitable for many people to worship together, this style from the top looks like the style of the cross, this and Christianity very fit style is soon accepted, but due to the restrictions of the Byzantine region natural conditions, the wall can only be made of masonry, Compared to wood and large food, it is very rough, which requires decorative art to fill the regret, and then inlaid painting boarded the stage of the church decoration.

When you started to move the mosaic from the floor to the wall, just as decoration, blocking the rough surface of the wall, there is no design concept in the inside, the nature does not consider whether the theme of the picture is proportionate, before and after the two mosaic in the middle of the painting has no connection, etc., until more than a century later in 5th century, There was a link between the mosaic paintings on the walls of the church, either according to the storyline or by type of picture. At this time the Mosaic form and the theme of the church, the contents of the Bible are also connected, sometimes because they want to state a complete series of stories and through the entire church of the nave, then the church began to appear dome, Mosaic also followed from the wall spread to the top, the expansion of space makes Mosaic can develop more space, It lays a foundation for the later Byzantine style of inlay art.

The Byzantine mosaic in the prosperous period is an era of destruction and remodeling, in the 8-9 century, the Byzantine region experienced a massive destruction of the holy icons, because several of the reigning emperors were opposed to religious belief, so the national countless religious works of art were seriously damaged, the remaining religious works of art at this time a fault occurred, But the destruction of the art of religion does not mean the decline of mosaic art, although the rulers opposed the religion, but did not oppose the development of secular art, especially for the rulers of the statues are very enthusiastic, secular mosaic style also began to slightly realism, which after the Byzantine style of the trend played a significant impact. After the destruction of the icons, the Byzantine Empire began to emerge from the revival of religious art, whether it was the popularity of the Madonna or the revival of Christ's image.

The first is stylized character modeling. This is the common ground of Byzantine art and even the whole medieval art, the characters are slightly conservative and monotonous, it seems that there is some kind of normative pattern in bondage to these artists, but in the Middle Ages of the religious atmosphere, such uniform standard modelling law is in line with the need, This model will allow religious believers to have a more intuitive sense of religion, highlighting the function of the church inlay painting, expressing the spirit of holiness. The character, some of the ancient Egyptian positive law taste, no matter what shape the icons are in, they are face to the audience, and the depiction of the eyes is deliberately magnified to enhance the visual impact, the shape of the garment, not to pursue the three-dimensional shape, but to exaggerate the lines, to the plane to increase the decorative effect, This approach also inadvertently makes the character and background of the space unreal, the idol as if hanging in the air, more interesting idol painting.

The second is the appearance of irregular domes. As mentioned above, the Dome of the Church began to appear in the 5-6 century, so the performance of mosaic needs to be dealt with at the top, the top is different from the wall, belong to irregular shape, there is a sphere and arc, this requires artists to create works of art at the same time to solve the perspective of the arc, the first to calculate the angle of the perspective of the viewer, Adjust the size of the ratio, standing in the church to see the dome mosaic is very coordinated, but if you climb to the front, you will find some imbalance.

Again is the gorgeous color. Compared to the early Byzantine mosaic painting, the high stage of mosaic is a colorful brilliant, the picture is filled with gold-plated white marble pillars, large red and dark green columns, color mosaic to make the church become Golden wall brilliant. Artists are good at different colors of different shapes of the inlay in accordance with the color, coupled with the specificity of the material, under the action of Light will have a dazzling fantasy effect, and they like to make the mosaic painting a layer of golden bottom, this is the symbol of the gods and Heaven, Imagine, The golden glow of the mosaic is undoubtedly a baptism from God for believers. In the character color is also quite fastidious, this is more convenient for the audience to see the identity of the character, the Emperor with purple, God in blue or red, the Virgin Mary is the use of light blue symbol of purity, the saints of Christ in yellow.

Finally is the symmetrical picture form. Most of the Byzantine church mosaics use relatively symmetrical compositions in their composition, this form of composition is in line with the structure of the Church, on the other hand, the right and left symmetry of the method is also more suitable for the arrangement of the characters, the Jesus Christ or the mother of the place in the middle, the Saints in the left and right side in turn, This balance gives a mighty sense of oppression, not only a very rich picture effect, but also embodies the religious order elements.

The decline of the Byzantine mosaic was in the last period of 13th century to 15th century, when the Byzantine Empire was destroyed, when the centralization of the Byzantine Empire began to wane, which was a good thing for artists, because the art of political and religious control began to wane, This has led to a variety of mosaics in this period, at this time, the focus of the painting is no longer a hierarchical, stereotyped icon, but the beginning of the grounding gas story scene, posture has become diversified, there are people in the movement also have static people, this diversity in previous works is rare, It is because of this change of style that the characters in the picture begin to have character. But in the short-lived, mosaic painting is very necessary for the production of manpower, the art of material resources, financial resources, so its rise and fall also saw the rise and fall of the Byzantine Empire, when the country flourished, the Treasury filling, social stability, whether church, nobility or royalty, are keen to invest in the construction of churches, mosaic painting, with the national power of the recession, internal trapped outside disturbance , mosaic of the production of the lack of a strong guarantee, also began to sunset Xishan.

But the decline of the Byzantine mosaic does not mean that this art form has disappeared, it has the mystical idea and the rich art form to affect this neighboring country and the region's religious art, has the very profound influence to the late medieval church decoration and the Gothic church stained glass, and in other countries ' different influence , the mosaic not only continued, but also glow with new vitality. In other words, on the microscopic level, the Byzantine mosaic ceased to develop with the demise of the state, only as a historical preservation, but from a macroscopic perspective, it as a kind of art, its style, form, expression methods and so on are other aspects of art absorption for reference, in a completely different form of inheritance, and not disappear.

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