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本篇paper代写- Britain and the United States constitution讨论了英美宪法。从17世纪中期到18世纪末叶，英美出现资产阶级宪法。17世纪的英国“权利法案”等法律确定了英国立宪君主制的重要内容，成为英国宪法的重要组成部分。1787年美国制定宪法，这是历史上第一部成文宪法，它确立了立法权、行政权和司法权三权分立原则。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

From the middle of the 17th century to the end of the 18th century, bourgeois constitutions appeared in Britain and America. In the 17th century, the British "bill of rights" and other laws defined the important content of the British constitutional monarchy and became an important part of the British constitution.

The constitution was written in 1787. It was the first written constitution in history. It establishes the principle of separation of legislative, executive and judicial powers.

The early bourgeois constitution played a certain progressive role in history. Britain and the United States completed two industrial revolutions, making them the world's leading capitalist industrial powers.

After the 1870s, monopoly capitalism appeared, and after that, the bourgeois constitution began to be reactionary. The bourgeois constitution was eventually replaced by the socialist constitution.

The constitution came into being with the emergence of capitalist society. After the victory of the bourgeois revolution, the bourgeoisie established its dominant position in the form of laws, especially the constitution. It used the constitution and other laws to restrain the supreme power, protect its interests and protect its private property from being infringed, thus promoting the expansion of the reproduction of capitalism.

After the "glorious revolution" in 1688, the British bourgeoisie finally seized the political power, and the bourgeoisie began to use laws to limit the power of the king, and the constitution began to appear.

17th-century English revolution is the landmark of bourgeois revolution, the early time, the influence is big, because at that time the British bourgeoisie is not yet in the true sense of the industrial bourgeoisie, strength is not enough big, so there is no able to destroy the feudal system, so the British bourgeois revolution to the bourgeoisie, the new aristocracy and compromise between the feudal aristocracy. In 1689, the British parliament passed the bill of rights to limit the power of the king, which retained the monarchy and other feudal remnants and established a constitutional monarchy under the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie. Later, the British parliament passed the law of succession to the throne and other legal documents, which became an important part of the British constitution. These legal documents consolidated and expanded the rule of the bourgeoisie and were of progressive significance at that time. They promoted the industrial revolution to be carried out in Britain first and made Britain the most powerful industrial country in the world in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Because of the incomplete bourgeois revolution in Britain, there was no written constitution. The British constitution is an unwritten constitution composed of some important laws, practices and precedents passed by the parliament in various periods. Due to the unwritten constitution of the United Kingdom, the political system of the United Kingdom gradually fell behind the United States and other European and American countries after the end of the 18th century, and the superstructure affected the economic foundation. After the middle of the 19th century, the development of capitalism in Britain slowed down, and the second industrial revolution was carried out in virtue first.

In the late 18th century, 13 colonies in British North America fought a war of independence against British colonial rule. On July 4, 1776, the north American continental congress adopted the famous declaration of independence. The declaration first proposed reflected the bourgeois enlightenment is the most radical political principle: "all men are created equal", natural rights, freedom inviolable rights which is permitted by law, the government is set up by protecting human rights, the people have the right to reverse damage to the human rights of the government, the declaration Outlines a variety of crimes, the British colonial rule, solemn united colonies declared independence from Britain. The declaration of independence is an important document in the history of bourgeois revolution in Europe and America. Marx once called it "the first declaration of human rights."

In 1787, the United States wrote the first written constitution in human history. He rules the legislative power, executive power and judicial power exercised by congress, the President and the courts respectively, provisions of the relationship between state and federal government, affirmation of the principle of federal position higher than the state, but there's no rule of the citizen's basic rights and freedom, and retain the southern plantation slavery, admitted that southern slaveholders possession of slaves. The constitution was the result of political compromise between northern capitalists and southern slave owners. Later, in ratifying the constitution, many states proposed constitutional amendments to supplement the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens. After the civil war, the congress of the United States adopted a constitutional amendment before declaring the abolition of slavery, and the black people were liberated to some extent.

The 1787 constitution established the bourgeois rule of more democracy, a fast development of American capitalism, especially after the civil war, the United States soon to carry out the second industrial revolution, have stepped onto the path of electrification, a series of new invention creation greatly promoted the development of production, also face to the life of people has undergone earth-shaking changes. By the end of the 19th century, the United States had become the world's leading capitalist country.

At the end of the 19th century, the United States and Britain gradually transferred from liberal capitalism to monopoly capitalism. Monopoly capitalism's pursuit of profit further sharpened all the inherent contradictions of capitalism. In order to suppress the resistance of the people, plunder the world and divide up the world again, the constitutional amendment and supplement carried out by Britain and America and some constitutional documents adopted reflect the characteristics that the bourgeois democracy is rapidly moving towards reactionary. As Lenin said: "this new economic base, the political superstructure of monopoly capitalism, is to shift from democracy to political reaction. Free competition demands democracy. Monopoly requires political reaction."

From Britain, the United States between the two countries in revolution can be seen on the constitution, the constitution reflects the specific historical conditions of the two countries and class relation of power, although they have different characteristics, but in essence is consistent, that is to reflect the early bourgeois political demands, the establishment of the constitution to consolidate the bourgeoisie in the economic and political dominance. These constitutions established the principle of "the sanctity of private property" as a legal norm and established a bourgeois democratic system suitable for the needs of the country at that time.

But due to the different national conditions and the age and class limitation, Britain and the United States constitution and show the different form, establishment of the regime is different also, in the different historical period, also play in the development of capitalism have different positive role, but with the development of The Times and social progress, Britain and the United States constitution concerning and successively exposed, which in turn hindered the social development.

On the whole, the early bourgeois constitution played a certain progressive role in history, because it promoted the decaying feudal economic foundation and superstructure to die out. Compared with the feudal autocracy, the bourgeois democracy defined in the constitution is a great progress in social history, which promotes the constant development of capitalism. However, what the bourgeois constitution consolidates is the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie, and bourgeois democracy is only that enjoyed by the property-owning people.

A best records the history of capitalism is capitalism for formulation, amendment and supplement of the constitution, because the bourgeoisie constitution is the concentrated reflection of bourgeois rule and benefit, developing capitalism inevitable requirement bourgeois constitutional amendments and supplement, modified and supplement of the bourgeois constitutional and promote further development of capitalism, when at a certain stage of the development of capitalism, bourgeois constitutional can no longer maintain the bourgeois rule, the bourgeoisie will establish a dictatorship, bourgeois dictatorship led to world war ii, bourgeois constitutional eventually replaced by the socialist constitution. Only the socialist constitution is the most perfect constitution in human history, the constitution that represents the fundamental interests of the largest number of people, and the constitution that promotes the sustainable development of society. Socialism will finally defeat capitalism on a global scale.

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