Essay代写：Management of natural gas in European and American countries－r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Management of natural gas in European and American countries，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了欧美国家天然气的管理。欧美国家在天然气行业上是允许第三方进入自然垄断区域的，所有的天然气行业都可以使用基础设施，这对于建立有效的竞争模式有着直接的作用。随着近些年，欧美国家的天然气市场基础设施得到了不断的完善，欧美也普遍经历了从谈判到混合再到强制的发展过程，所以，在天然气行业的管理上，有着足够大的优势。他们主要的做法就是加强天然气供应商之间的竞争。另外，在自然垄断区域，欧美国家主要实施的是经济监督。

What Europe and the United States have implemented in the natural gas industry is to allow a third party to enter in the natural monopoly area, that is to say, all natural gas industries can use infrastructure, which plays a direct role in establishing an effective competition mode, but China has not done so far. Generally, the entry of a third party has three forms, namely, negotiated entry, mandatory entry and mixed entry. Among the three forms, the first type of negotiation is the most conducive to creating a harmonious competitive environment, is conducive to maintaining the interests of the existing natural gas companies and both sides, and is the manifestation of fair competition. Determinants of third party access mainly infrastructure conditions and maturity of natural gas market, as in recent years, Europe and the United States of the country's natural gas market infrastructure has been constantly improved, Europe and the United States generally experienced from negotiations to mix to the development of the compulsory, so, on the management of the natural gas industry, has the advantage of large enough.

In this piece, the practice of European and American countries mainly is to strengthen the competition between gas supplier, gas suppliers mainly can be divided into two kinds of wholesalers and retailers, wholesalers are restrained by their national resources and the market competition, the developed countries such as America and Britain's abundant natural gas resources, the market is relatively mature, compared to the rest of the country, they have more superior domestic natural gas producers. Therefore, the supply of imported natural gas is also limited to some extent. In this way, they can regard the country itself as the legal basis to strengthen the competitiveness between suppliers and suppliers, which is an effective measure to ensure the security of supply. In order to enhance the competitiveness of retailers to a greater extent, each country has implemented corresponding measures. Some countries have phased out the dominant retailers, while some countries have gradually dispersed market share to retailers to promote competition.

In the region of the natural monopoly, mainly on the implementation of the European and American countries is economic supervision, for part of the transportation market forces formed between dealers and distributors, is bound to affect the price and the quality of the entire natural gas industry, and it also have to discount the possibility of affiliated enterprise, leading to the emergence of unfair competition. Therefore, the regulator of the natural gas industry is the government, which must have the responsibility and obligation to supervise and manage the price of natural gas transmission and distribution services, so as to ensure to the greatest extent that the legitimate rights and interests of natural gas users are not infringed by monopoly power.

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