英国essay论文精选范文:“En attendant Godot”,这篇论文讨论了《等待戈多》。《等待戈多》是贝克特用荒诞离奇的形式创作的悲喜剧,作者用夸张、比喻的手法,揭示了人类单调、刻板的生活处境,以及人与人之间遥不可及的距离感和陌生感,呈现出不确定人生所带来的人性断裂,并体现了对人类的救赎意识。它是戏剧史上真正的革新,也是荒诞派的第一部戏剧。
"Waiting for Godot" is the Irish playwright Samuel Beckett's two tragicomedy, it is a real innovation in the history of drama, is also the first very excellent absurd drama. This is a story of what has not happened: Twilight, a country road, a bare tree, two unidentified wanderer Gogo and Di Di under the tree waiting for a man named Godot, but they Did not know who is Godot, do not know Godot will not come, but they are still hard to wait. They repeatedly do some mechanical, meaningless action: a hat, cap, and then put on; a take off your shoes, shoes, and then put on. In order to lift the wait for trouble, they did not find words, pretexts, talk casually, while talking about repentance, while talking about should go to the Dead Sea to honeymoon, while talking about the "Gospel" savior and thief story. When a child who claims to be sent by Godot says "Godot is too busy to come," the only thing they can do is to wait for tomorrow. Dramas in terms of content from the plot to the performance of the form, and embodies the traditional drama is completely different from the absurdity.
"Waiting for Godot" as a wait for life, a wait for the situation is not a bad idea, works can be meaningful, thought-provoking, endless, and I feel that interpretation is not enough. "Yes, the two thieves, do you remember the story you", "do not remember", this is a dialogue between the two tramps, just said the words for another listener, he immediately do not remember , Or refuse to remember. "What do we do yesterday?" "In my opinion, we came here yesterday," "Do you recognize this place?" "But which Saturday ?, and today is not Saturday? Today cannot be Sunday! Monday? Or Friday? "Again and again to express their uncertainty. Estragon's shoes, for a while the color, for a while the color, for a while too small, for a while too large, on their own situation cannot be determined, but also refused to determine. These uncertain discourses show the absurdity and fragmentation of the memory space, which shows the monotony, stereotype, and endless torment of human life. Between Estragon and Vladimir, "I speak to you right" conversation, the exchange between each other showing the situation cannot be equal, showing the distance between people and the inability of the To lift the sense of strangeness. "Waiting for Godot," the text shows the memory of the fracture, the fracture of communication and broken fragments of thinking, playing a broken human age of the song, it little by little outline of the human rift, reflecting a generation of heart Anxiety fracture. Beckett like a poet of tenderness, with his seemingly understatement, superficial, but full of absurd brushstrokes poetry poetic manifestation of the human characteristics of the whole, like the darkness of the torch to bring light, meaningless, helpless, There is no way of life into a little bit of hope.
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The play did not start, ups and downs, orgasm, the outcome, the show has no distinctive image and lifelike character, there is no bizarre dramatic conflict, from the beginning to the end of the scene, there are only boring empty talk and nightmare repetition . There are many words in the script, "I'm gone", the dramatic action is "he did not move", dramatic discourse and dramatic action with the separation, reflecting the negation of their own, homeless people encounter Bo Zhuo and lucky, The punctuated "raving" of Pozzo's thought is the chaos and chaos of the thought. The drama characters in the drama are the broken stage images, but this fragmentation conforms to the whole structure of the text. Gordo and Di Di do not know who Godot, the audience does not know who is Godot, someone asked Beckett, he said, "If I know, as early as in the play out," the author does not know who is Godot , Where the "ignorance" is perfect. And it is this perfect "ignorance", only to make the text of the debris naturally integrated.
Todd Gitlin said: Modernism will be torn to pieces, post-modernism is because of this fragmentation and overjoyed. "Waiting for Godot" Although there are so many fragmentation, through careful text analysis, you will find the author has the desire to re-collage of such fragments, through this fragmentation of the phenomenon of human life to achieve the attempt to achieve the overall The desire for salvation. That is, through the meaningless absurd life can see a trace of dawn poetic shimmer, which is a glimmer of human nature rupture of salvation.
First, from a formal point of view. The text is from a traditional perspective of drama back to the ancient poetry perspective. Milan Kundera wrote in The Art of Fiction: "The art of the novel is the history of the novel, but the acceptance of the poem does not mean the lyricism of the novel (to abandon its own satire, to ignore the external World, the novel into a personal monologue, it brought a lot of decoration) ... ... novel: anti-lyrical poem. In Beckett's script, the play became an anti-lyric poem.
This poetic language tends to be subtle and meticulous, with a very subtle dialogue everywhere. Read a simple but aromatic retention, revealing the feelings of simple poetry. The script is only two scenes, the first act and the second act is basically no major changes, like a modern poetry two sections of the loop, a singing and sighing repeated chant of the tune. This kind of poetic tone provides the poetic space and the rebellion to the postmodern multi - language games, which is caused by the emptyness and monotony caused by human nature.
Second, from the perspective of the text value dimension. Lucky that a seemingly upside down is not without reason, the opening of Estragon and Vladimir to talk about the Bible is not groundless, with the child's words to declare "Godot today will not come tomorrow" is not Meaningless. The Absurdist drama in the 20th century, 50 years to 60 years to reach the peak. World War II nightmare was just past, the war to the whole generation of the soul left a difficult wound to heal. Since Nietzsche declared that "God is dead," God no longer exists, the old faith to Cuikulaxiu moment instantly collapse collapse, the beautiful hope and ideals shattered. But the true denial and denial of God leads to an irrevocable return to the faith of God, whether this return can save this meaningless life, whether Godot is the light of God, whether the child is the angel of God, and so on. Unable to confirm. But indeed between the lines reveals the existence of faith, and this belief has a shine, a rupture of human nature, the light of salvation.
No appearance of Godot, hazy nothingness, like a nightmare in a mirage, but decided to play the hero's destiny, as the central clue throughout the play. The characters are living in the shadow of death and madness, they suffer pain but not glory, not wisdom, they are typical of the waiting people - they hope to wait patiently, the more pious the more is desperate. Gogo and Di Di live in harsh environments, want to live with bones cannot eat, want to die with no rope, but they are still in the persistent hope, looking forward to. Whether Godot will come, and regardless of hope will come true, it is, after all, people in despair more than a layer of spiritual sustenance. If Gogo and Diddy live and hope in a world of absurdity, with humorous comic elements, they are clinging to hope in hopeless hope, and indeed touching.
Although it cannot be to taste certainty, but the work left people's thinking and aftertaste, people's exploration of Godo more faith that the existence of light. There will be able to bring new people, aroused the excitement of waiting, as well as efforts to fight until Godot's ideal, as 1969 Beckett won the Nobel Prize when winning the reason said, "his novel novel form And theatrical works that inspire modern people from spiritual poverty, "the representative of the Royal Swedish Academy praised his play" with the decontamination of the Greek tragedy "at the award ceremony. This is probably the ultimate value of the text, or is the author of the text of the manifestation of human salvation, and this salvation is "waiting for Godot" for our practical inspiration: "Godot" is the time that we ourselves, wait Is a wasted, is a kind of blasphemy of time and life.
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