本篇paper代写- Internationalization讨论了国际化。国际化是一种与全球化既相联系又有区别的一种世界潮流和趋势,是以经济国际化为主并同时影响到政治、文化、社会生活各方面的综合性现象。其中经济国际化的核心内容是资源配置的国际化,包括贸易国际化、生产国际化以及与此相对应的政策、体制和技术标准的国际化等。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理,供大家参考阅读。
Internationalization is a world trend associated with globalization and an important trend in the development of China's relations with the world. Internationalization of the pioneer and focus on the internationalization of business operations.
The 17th national congress of the CPC required us to "fully understand the new situation and new tasks of further development of industrialization, informationization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization", "take a more conscious approach to scientific development, and strive to open up broader prospects for development of socialism with Chinese characteristics." The five "changes" mentioned here reveal the new trend of China's economic and social development. The "internationalization" among them is relatively new to many people, so it needs to be analyzed and interpreted in a deeper way.
The historical development of human society is a leap from necessity to freedom. In terms of extension, it is the process of human beings constantly expanding their range of activities, breaking through various limitations of nature and society, and moving from narrow national history to broad world history. With the contradictory movement of production methods, the continuous development of science and technology, and the continuous improvement of transportation and communication methods, the relations between countries and nations are getting closer and closer. It is during this historical process that the phenomenon of globalization develops day by day and finally becomes an indisputable fact in today's world. The notion of a small "global village" is a vivid description of the closeness of human relationships. Globalization has become a basic trend affecting the complex political, economic, cultural and social relations in today's world.
Internationalization is a kind of world trend and trend that is both related and different from this kind of globalization. It is a comprehensive phenomenon that mainly focuses on economic internationalization and affects political, cultural and social life at the same time. Economic internationalization refers to the process of economic development in which a country's economic development transcends national boundaries and the mutual connection and mutual penetration of other countries' economies constantly expands and deepens. The content of economic internationalization is very rich. Its core content is the internationalization of resource allocation, which mainly includes the internationalization of trade, capital, production and corresponding policies, institutions and technical standards.
Internationalization and globalization are in essence consistent with each other in terms of interconnection, mutual flow and mutual influence beyond national boundaries. However, globalization is broader in scope and higher in level. It focuses more on a global integration phenomenon that refers to various nations, countries and regions in the world, beyond economic, political, cultural differences and geographical segmentation, and tends to form a closely related and mutually restricted community. Like internationalization, the content of globalization itself should include economy, science and technology, politics, culture and other very extensive aspects, but the rapid development and outstanding is economic globalization. Therefore, generally speaking, globalization mainly refers to economic globalization. Economic globalization is a global economic link and integration phenomenon including market, capital flow, trade and information integration. As various factors of production flow around the world, the globalization of production, trade and finance is increasingly taking shape.
Therefore, economic internationalization refers to the process of integrating a relatively independent national economy into the international economy, and it reflects the approach and result of a relatively closed or limited open national economy towards a high degree of openness. Economic globalization is the process of forming a unified and closely linked economic operation system for most countries and regions of the world, and it is the development feature of a larger and more closely cooperative world economy. Economic internationalization is the prelude and foundation of economic globalization. Economic globalization is the result of the development of economic internationalization and its extension to the global scope. In a certain sense, it is the advanced stage of economic internationalization and the expression of the development of economic internationalization to a new height.
Every country in the world today is in the midst of the changes and trends of globalization, especially economic globalization. Only to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and actively respond and participate, is the best policy. However, different countries will participate in globalization in different ways, contents and degrees according to their own national conditions. Developing countries, in particular, generally deserve a process of gradual participation and adaptation. In this process of participation and adaptation, actively promoting the internationalization process is a realistic and progressive choice. Promoting internationalization in globalization and participating in globalization in internationalization. The two complement each other and together constitute an increasingly interconnected world.
China is the largest developing country in the world. The Chinese government has been opening to the outside world since 1978. After nearly 30 years, the pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-range opening-up has been formed. China has become increasingly linked to the outside world. Both China and the world have achieved a level of dependency. China's development in the new century has been affected to a greater extent by the outside world and to a greater extent by the outside world. China's economy is increasingly having a major impact in the world. China's activities on the international stage have also been increasingly covering economic, political, cultural, scientific and technological, education, military and other aspects. Internationalization, especially economic internationalization, is an important trend in the development of China's relations with the world. This situation, highlighted now:
First, the scale of foreign trade is getting larger and larger. In 2005, China's total import and export trade reached 1422.1 billion us dollars, accounting for nearly 65% of China's GDP. In 2004, China's total import and export trade accounted for 6.2% of the world's trade volume, ranking third in the world and becoming a trading power second only to the United States and Germany. From January to September 2007, the total import and export value of China's foreign trade reached 1,570.834 billion us dollars.
Second, since the reform and opening up, China has absorbed over 750 billion us dollars of foreign direct investment, and over 60 billion us dollars of foreign direct investment from 2004 to 2006 for three consecutive years. Currently, 480 out of the world's top 500 multinational companies have invested in China, and more than 90 out of the world's top 100 industrial companies have invested in China. By the end of June 2006, 71 Banks in 21 countries and regions have set up 183 branches, 14 legal entities and 242 representative offices in China, among which 103 branches and 7 legal entities have been approved to operate RMB business.
Third, the "going out" strategy has achieved remarkable results. By the end of 2006, more than 5,000 domestic investors in China had set up nearly 10,000 foreign direct investment enterprises, with a cumulative net amount of us $90.63 billion, of which us $75.02 billion was non-financial, accounting for 82.8%, and us $15.61 billion was financial, accounting for 17.2%. In 2006, China's net foreign direct investment reached us $21.16 billion, of which us $17.63 billion was non-financial, accounting for 83.3 percent year-on-year growth of 43.8 percent and us $3.53 billion was financial, accounting for 16.7 percent. China's global ranking of outbound investment rose from 17th to 13th last year. At present, China's outbound investment has spread to 172 countries and regions around the world.
Fourth, more and more foreign personnel exchanges and flows. In 2005, there were 12.29 million arrivals, including 20.26 million from foreign countries and 10.3 million from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The number of domestic outbound visits reached 3.103 million, of which 25.14 million were for private purposes. Total international and domestic tourism revenue reached 768.6 billion yuan.
Fifth, cultural cooperation and exchanges are deepening. China has reached cultural agreements with more than 140 countries and signed about 700 annual cultural exchange programs. Each year, about 2,000 sino-foreign cultural exchange programs approved by the ministry of culture cover 60 to 70 countries and 30,000 people. The annual Shanghai international arts festival, Beijing international music festival and Beijing international drama festival have become major international cultural events attracting artists from all over the world. Some world-class art groups have come to China to perform.
Sixth, scientific and technological cooperation and exchanges continue to develop. China has established scientific and technological cooperation and exchanges with 152 countries and regions in the world, and signed intergovernmental agreements on scientific and technological cooperation or agreements on economic, trade and scientific and technological cooperation with 96 of them. China has joined more than 1,000 international scientific and technological cooperation organizations.
Between China and the world, in a sense, there is a kind of interdependence, I have you. We say that "China cannot develop without the world, and the world cannot develop without China". This is not only an economic reality, but also an increasingly high degree of "inseparable" in a wider range. China's national interests are no longer confined within its own borders, but are increasingly reflected in its links with the outside world, and more needs to be done to seek and safeguard its national interests. While China's development continues to be based on its own strength, it also needs to make greater use of international markets and resources and a more favorable external environment.
Since China's entry into wto, Chinese enterprises' internationalization management has achieved rapid development, and their internationalization level has been greatly improved. At the end of 2006, China's ofdi stock was $90.63 billion, distributed in 172 countries and regions. Non-financial outbound direct investment rose from $2.7 billion in 2002 to $17.63 billion in 2006, an average annual increase of 60 percent. According to unctad data, China ranked 18th in the world in terms of outbound investment in 2006, and became the fastest growing emerging fdi country. At present, the business scope of overseas chinese-funded enterprises has gradually expanded from trade, shipping and catering to production and processing, resource development, agricultural cooperation, research and development and consulting services. The mode of outward investment has also developed from the early establishment of the "window" to the investment and factory to drive transnational mergers and acquisitions, equity exchange, overseas listing, establishment of r&d centers, establishment of industrial parks, science and technology parks and other forms.
Chinese enterprises make full use of the favorable conditions of further opening up the markets of various countries and the great development of processing trade, and through overseas investment to set up factories, drive the export of our technology, equipment, products and services, which has changed our previous mode of relying mainly on the export of products.
Through overseas investment, Chinese enterprises transfer mature technologies and part of production capacity that are needed in other developing countries, which not only solves the needs of foreign markets, but also improves the industrial structure of China and host countries to achieve win-win results.
In recent years, one of the key points of international business is to strengthen cooperation in the development of overseas resources and energy and make new progress in making full use of international resources. China has established long-term cooperative relations with over 30 countries on resources and energy.
On the basis of international operation, the formation of China's multinational companies is accelerating. Through the implementation of international business strategy, the international competitiveness of enterprises is increasingly emerging, and the global competition, sales network is being built. In 2005, 16 Chinese companies were listed among the world's top 500 multinationals and 49 Chinese companies were listed among the world's top 225 international contractors.
Facts have proved that actively carrying out international business can learn from the modern business model of foreign enterprises. I can learn to introduce advanced foreign management methods and realize the optimal allocation of resources in the domestic and international scope. It can establish its own overseas marketing network through overseas investment cooperation and acquisition, change the situation of relying solely on foreign intermediaries, and create conditions for the establishment of product development, design and research and development system oriented to the international market.
As economic globalization continues to deepen and expand, a new round of international production factor reorganization and industrial transfer continues to accelerate. Our enterprise internationalization management faces the unprecedented opportunity, also is shouldering the new historical task. We should take the scientific development concept as the instruction, according to the needs of modernization construction in China, actively promote the "going out" and introduce to the coordinated development, speed up the overall level of improve enterprise international operation, promote to optimize the allocation of resources in the global scope, the formation of economic globalization under the conditions of participation in international competition and cooperation of new advantages.
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