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本篇paper代写- Irrational factors and ideological and political education讨论了非理性因素与思想政治教育。现代社会的发展促使个人的精神生活随之发生变化，同时促使与人相关的本能、情感等非理性因素全面激发和活跃起来，非理性因素的客观存在直接影响着人的人格特性以及相应的价值选择。现实生活中之所以出现思想政治教育成本过高而效益低下的现象，无不与忽视非理性因素在思想政治教育中的作用有关。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

The development of modern society makes the individual spiritual life changes, at the same time encourage people related instincts, irrational factors such as desire, emotion, will, faith, fully motivate and active, and the objective existence of the irrational factors directly affects the person's personality characteristics and the corresponding value choice. Ideological and political education is basic project of the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, and it plays a improve people's spiritual life and the important role of moral quality. Asked us to the change of the social environment from the study of human nature, field of vision to explore the path of ideological and political education, in addition to study the law of ideological and political education itself and the method, also should pay attention to the change of people's irrational factors and development. The emergence of ideological and political education in real life the phenomenon of high cost and low benefit, all without exception and ignore the role of irrational factors in ideological and political education.

The attributes in the spirit of the people, contains the rational and irrational factors. Rational factors is a uniquely human differ from animals a basic feature of human reason with the social development and the development, the main performance can know natural law and social law for people, through the social practice constantly achieve their goals and the corresponding results. Rational fully shows the human initiative and creativity, shows the natural human knowledge, the ability of reforming society. In general, "human" rational has absoluteness. However, although people is conscious rational beings, but thinking and rational is by no means all, man is know love unifies the reality of the individual in social relations. Irrational factors and person dies, everyone has a different irrational characteristics, therefore, the "individual" irrational and relativity.

People are social animals, only to the survival and development in the social collective, social individual relies on the fact that social group. Life is a social group based on to the good cooperation and orderly process, to carry out this process without a variety of norms and system specification, from this sense, people rely on society is to maintain and abide by these rules and regulations. Social value only in the standards and specification system constraints can progress and development, which requires individuals to identify with, accept and internalize, follow these guidelines, specifications. When individuals relative to the irrational factors and social conflict, absolute rational value system determines the we must rely on some power to adjust the human conflict.

Ideological and political education is one of the ways in which social value standard system implemented and is able to adjust and sublimation of human conflict and power tools. From this sense, the ideological and political education is actually solve social contradiction between collective rationality and individual irrationality of process. Ideological and political education is according to the needs of society and educatee, follow the law of development of ideological and political education, using scientific means to improve and develop educatees of thought, politics, morality and so on various aspects quality system activity process, its aim is to develop social needs have higher moral quality of talents. Conventional wisdom suggests that society is a rational design of the society, the rational design of the target with the help of human's rational can become a reality, and you can also achieve individual socialization and dehua, actually this is wishful thinking. The single way of using rational channel of implementing ideological and political education is often the effect not beautiful, not only cannot achieve the moral, intellectual, physical, the United States all aspects of the comprehensive development goals, and to some extent, even lead to the crisis of human nature and deformity. Based on people's irrational factors and objective contradictions between the ideological and political education, with the aid of irrational channels to find a way of ideological and political education is undoubtedly an effective method.

If human's rational is the result of the human brain thinking ability, so, more irrational is stems from a person's physical, psychological factors, such as irrational factors, is the reflection of social and cultural nature, is an important part of the person's psychology. Irrational factors, as a kind of spiritual strength directly penetrated into the value of individual choice, in the person's subjective psychological activities, the desire, emotion, will, three kinds of irrational factors is complicated, especially the influence of the ideological and political education process.

Desire is the social individual need and desire of an external object based on the main body and for psychological, reflects the basic human primitive motivation and value pursuit. People's desire has the variety and diversity, such as material, lust, fame, inspirational, etc, this possession to external things, to conquer, and their potential performance and make public, both innate instinctual low-level desire and demand, has developed the day after tomorrow more advanced desires and needs, such as the needs of the development needs, to enjoy, etc. People's desire is reality and transcendence, finiteness and infiniteness, material and spiritual unity. Meet with people of low desire and demand, senior can produce desire and demand, the desire and satisfy the desire of man's society in the process of continuous development.

In terms of individuals, for the excessive suppression of desire, is not conducive to the development of the individual, but excessive addicted to satisfy the desire, will also be transmuted into slaves of desire. Desire is the power source for the development of human beings, the satisfaction of desire and inspire, and to promote human progress, and the pursuit. Reasonable as proper stimulation and the desire of pursuit can help people keep exuberant enthusiasm and motivation, have a craving for things outside and direct motive, and condensed into the behavior of the individual value choice. People generally believe that the society moral desire is ugly, and with, as a result, most of Chinese and western hope through the way of killing human desire for moral education, this way of education while maintaining the moral, but kill the human nature, because it fundamentally ignored the fact that the irrationality of the human existence. At present, to strengthen the socialist market economy the interests of the people's material desires, this is the inevitable demand of social progress, this also is the foundation of moral development. People's desire, especially material desires may be obstacles for the good in life, however, humans cannot ignore this barrier, obstacle crossing is moral would, but also brought opportunities to moral construction and space. Ideological and political education can help individuals by material desire to the spiritual level, thus promote the social norms of practice and the improvement of the individual character. Just as no desire for material wealth for people wouldn't push the market mechanism of sound, likewise, desire to kill anyway is difficult to produce positive moral pursuit, also won't contribute to the formation of the whole social morality.

Emotion is the basic elements of the world, human life permeates every aspect of human practice activities, the emotion is an important part of the individual psychological structure, is one of the individual on the surrounding reality and his attitude. Marx once said: "passion, enthusiasm, is the essence of object strongly to pursue its own strength." No relationship, they never could not for the pursuit of truth." In real life, a person only to social norms system of cognition is not enough, if the lack of emotional experience of ethics, then social advocate the value of standards can not be melt in the heart. Emotion plays an excitation, catalytic role in people's behavior, can guarantee that people form strong motivation, influence people's choice of the value of information, evaluation and judgment.

Emotion is an important part of human nature, and humanity sublimation is to accept social norms system indispensable important factors, with the aid of people rich and healthy emotional experience, the main body of social trust value standards make active and positive, will produce the positive emotional experience, such as a sense of self-respect, self-confidence inspire to the faith and the pursuit of ethics. And negative and disgruntled to social value standards, can produce corresponding inferiority, shame and guilt even negative emotional experience. It is not hard to see, the emotional has adjust the incentive effects in people's behavior, it prompts the main body to experience the ways of expressing the meaning of things attitude, by express strong emotions, it is conditioned by the rational, at the same time characterized by a strong sense of irrational impulse. Generally speaking, the stronger the self-esteem of people with the sense of shame, and a man of high moral character, the more the more will produce more intense feeling of guilt.

Will mean people conscious, purposeful and planned way to adjust and control their psychological process of action. Will can regulate and control human behavior activity purpose, embodied in motivating people to engage in positive help to achieve goals

And suppress unfavorable to achieve some goals of negative behavior. In the process of ideological and political education, will play a role of restraint and supervision of individual behavior.

Will function mainly displays in the self of the self in the process of the social value goal to accept consciously control the above, the specific performance for self encouragement, self adjusting, self control and self supervision. Individual in the process of the education, can timely feedback, appropriate adjustment behavior, to a certain extent, depends on the will to power control. Will can control of the individual's activity and social norms, by checking and correction of deviation caused by internal and external factors, ensure the realization of predetermined value target. Of the success or failure of a man and he will have a close relationship, can cultivate a strong tenacity of noble moral character, and can control and govern all kinds of temptation of the outside world, is not captured by desire, don't be emotional about, while weak will it is difficult to achieve this level. Guarantee the social value system play a role, should rely on those people with perseverance ability, weak will is terrible weakness of human nature and the biggest obstacle to ideological and political education work.

The irrational factors have obvious difference, people of irrational factors in different level of value choice plays a different role. The primary stage of socialism period, people's rational and irrational development have historical limitation, can't talk about people's rational and irrational development in the abstract. People irrational factors is the development of society a certain stage of the concentrated reflection of politics, economy, culture, is the internalization of social value system as a result, this spirit of internalization results and as a kind of stable power affects the individual's choice of social value system orientation, from this sense, the ideological and political education itself is not only a purpose, but also optimize the personal means of irrational factors. Society can't unlimited access to let the irrational factors do their growth, otherwise it will be Mired in the irrationalism in the west, as a direct result of the rational life and social value system of society of indifference and contempt. Optimization of irrational factors, must do the following:

Market economy to strengthen the personal desire, pure desire for abstinence and constraint is not easy. But after all is rational, can always through the guide of social value standard to improve their life get social recognition, otherwise, there would be no need to or not may be education. People's desire is a need to continue to produce, and constantly meet the process after a desire and demand meet, generates a new desire demand. Can't deny a few before a material desires satisfied also generates a high level of spiritual need, but we can't hope to most people can across the material needs to pursue the spiritual needs.

Combining with the characteristics of people's irrational and ideological and political education should fully grasp the various desires, know their material needs and spiritual needs of the basic conditions. To distinguish to the desires and needs, to just and reasonable desire to properly to satisfy, the unfair and unreasonable desire to be directed and restrictions. To a certain degree, within the scope of the reasonable the satisfaction of desire is desirable, not blindly inhibition and elimination. At the same time, because our country is still at the primary stage of socialism, the main contradiction is people's increasing material and cultural needs and the contradiction between the backward social production, excessively emphasized needs met is not accord with the situation of China. The function of the ideological and political education is to through the social norms of scientific guidance to change people's spiritual needs, improve people's spiritual life through the people's behavior is controlled in the range of social norms.

People are emotional animals, this kind of emotion is the result of individual and social dynamic contradiction and influence each other. People's emotional and changeable, the emotional impact on ideological and political education function cannot be discussed in the abstract, should be specific analysis. Social individuals always interact with social environment in the process of direct stimulation of external factors and change affects the person's feelings or emotions, positive emotions can encourage people choose or accept social value standard, while the negative affection induced people deviate from the social value norms. By conducting of rich and colorful activities to ensure that the individual emotion stimulus receiving system, the guarantor of the benign development of irrational factors, it is the practice of the ideological and political education in the current face.

Ideological and political education is on a permanent basis, persistence, system engineering, the value of social members have extensive requirements. Pays too much attention to for a long time, because the individual access to moral cognition and moral judgment ability, so that cause serious disconnect between moral cognition and moral behavior. Creatively carry out ideological and political education the system project, should be combined with the reality of social practice, to build a concrete scenario related to personal life learning and situation, avoid the ideological and political education work boring and rigid formalism.

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