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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- American culture and its curriculum，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国文化及其课程观。美国是20世纪以来推动世界进步发展和改变世界贡献最大的国家。在教育方面从20世纪就开始领先于世界，美国的教育对世界产生了深远的影响。从美国的课程目标可以看出美国文化的实用主义，个人主义深深地融入了课程目标中。在课程的设置上，也体现了美国文化的实用主义精神，为了升学、就业和未来生活做准备。众多的选修课则体现了美国文化的个人主义，满足了不同人的要求也满足了美国不同文化背景的课程需求。

Since the 20th century, the United States has made the greatest contribution to promoting world progress and development and changing the world. Education has been leading the world since the 20th century. America's education has exerted a profound influence on the world. Various education ideas since the 20th century have promoted education reform in various countries around the world.

In the short history of more than 200 years, the United States has created a unique cultural tradition in the world and is now a superpower. What kind of culture gave birth to such education? The author thinks that American cultural tradition has the following characteristics.

In building the American historical tide, what Americans need is a concrete program of action to guide actual production and life, where a man who cultivated land and resisted beasts is far more popular than a thinker who teaches theology. They have come to believe not in the knowledge which ideologists spend much time and energy thinking about, but in the knowledge which is needed in daily life and confirmed in practice. Pragmatism is a pragmatic attitude, behavior attitude. After the American civil war, pragmatism gradually rose from an idea to a philosophical theory. Pragmatism is widely regarded as the most central element of the American cultural spirit.

One aspect of individualism is the emphasis on human rights. Americans have emphasized individual rights, individual independence, individual dignity, individual liberty, and individual equality of opportunity in their opening of New Territories in North America. On the other hand, people's subjective initiative is emphasized. In the face of nature, people have to constantly work and cultivate, and they have to be ready to accept challenges and responsibilities from all sides. Only innovation and openness can adapt to the complex and changeable nature. The United States emphasizes the equality of all people, equal opportunity, as long as efforts, as long as willing to pay, can become a millionaire or even as President, can realize their own value. This is the essence of the American dream.

The population composition of the United States is immigrants from all continents, because immigrants come from different countries and regions, with different cultural backgrounds and religious beliefs. Therefore, the entire American society is a society with complex cultural background, each living according to his own cultural traditions and religious beliefs. It was people from different cultures who came together and won the independence of the United States, won the civil war, expanded the United States, won the World War I and the World War II, survived the depression. Beginning in the 20th century, the United States began to lead the world in economy, military, technology and ideas. The melting pot of American culture began to form its own American culture, which influenced the course of the world.

In the late 1920s, the United States carried out a curriculum reform, which was mainly aimed at adapting to the demand of modern mass production for young labor force, as well as stabilizing the unstable social order. The objective of the course is to strengthen the connection between education and real life, master skilled skills, stimulate students' interest, initiative and enthusiasm, and enable students to obtain direct experience through labor and various activities. In the 1950s, the second curriculum reform in the United States was carried out in the context of the struggle for supremacy between the United States and the Soviet union. This time, it was mainly based on the course theory of essentialism and emphasized the importance of basic knowledge. In the 1970s, the "return to the foundation" movement appeared again, and the curriculum reform focused on the shortcomings of academic studies, leading to the rise of humanism. In the 1980s, the report "the country is in crisis: reform imperative of education" triggered curriculum reform focusing on curriculum structure adjustment. The American curriculum reform in the 20th century has been in the swing of the basic academic nature of the curriculum and the adjustment to life. No child left behind act of the early 21st century, education, stresses that students need to develop good qualities in high school to prepare them for college or employment and their future life.

Through the curriculum reform in the United States, it can be seen that the curriculum objectives are highlighted: to help students develop critical thinking ability, effective communication ability, problem solving ability and knowledge innovation ability; Help students understand themselves, the cultural heritage of humanity, and the interdependent world in which they live; Prepare students to work or continue to receive education, develop their personality and interests; Help students fulfill their social and civic duties. It can be seen from the American curriculum objectives that the pragmatism of American culture and individualism are deeply integrated into the curriculum objectives.

In the curriculum setting, the United States emphasizes improving students' academic level and increasing academic courses. America now has eight core subjects: English, math, science, foreign languages, citizenship and government, economics, art and history. This reflects the spirit of American pragmatism, which emphasizes the individual's ability to innovate knowledge. Another outstanding feature of the American curriculum is its diverse electives. In order to adapt to the students' interest and personal development, and prepare for future study, employment and life, a large number of diversified electives have been set up. There are a wide range of electives in each state and school district. According to preliminary statistics, there are more than 200 electives in American middle schools. One of the most distinctive is the bridging course between high school and university. Most schools offer challenging academic courses, typically AP, IB, and DE.

In the course setting, it also reflects the pragmatic spirit of American culture and prepares students for higher education, employment and future life. The numerous optional courses reflect the individualism of American culture and meet the requirements of different people as well as the curriculum requirements of different cultural backgrounds in the "melting pot" of America.

In the United States, the curriculum is hierarchical management system. One is the state proposal, the federal government basically ACTS as a call and a recommendation to the state education. The second is the centralization of authority in the state, the state education department and the education committee enjoy great powers of education management. They make it the primary basis for school districts and schools by setting state curriculum standards; Establish graduation standards; Develop standards for state testing and realization of required courses to provide local school districts with necessary resources. Third, school districts make decisions. School districts play a practical role in curriculum leadership. Fourth, the school implementation, the school according to the school district curriculum arrangement and textbook selection, the school curriculum setting, implementation school curriculum decision.

There are various ways to evaluate curriculum in the United States. After the education standardization movement, all states in the United States have established curriculum standards and frameworks. In this context, states began a state-level examination, with in-state testing and assessment courses taken by states such as ACT and SAT. The federal examination is a comprehensive survey and quality assessment of education nationwide conducted by many official and unofficial groups and organizations in the United States on a regular and non-regular basis. The U.S. department of education gives states flexibility to choose test types, rules, math and English when developing a master test plan. The United States has a 12-year obligation. Not every state has a high school graduation exam. There is no national entrance examination for colleges and universities in the United States. Currently, there are two main entrance exams, the SAT. More than 850 colleges and more than 300 scholarship providers in the United States require the test. About two million people take the elite exams each year. The ACT is another standardized test for American college entrance exams, measuring four subjects in English, math, reading and science.

The hierarchical, centralized and decentralized curriculum implementation and evaluation methods in the United States reflect the autonomy of curriculum implementation and evaluation in different regions at different levels. Schools in various states can implement and evaluate courses according to the actual situation in their regions. From the perspective of American cultural tradition, the implementation and evaluation of such courses reflects the individualism of American culture and the tradition of cultural melting pot.

Through the analysis of the American cultural tradition on the curriculum view, we can see that the curriculum view reflects the cultural and traditional characteristics of a country and a nation, which are closely related to the traditional values of the nation. What kind of cultural tradition and national spirit there is what kind of curriculum concept. As a subjective value of curriculum, there is no scientific or wrong value, and there is no universal curriculum value. The curriculum setting also reflects a country's cultural tradition while considering the country, social economy and human development.

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