Essay代写：Flexner's idea of a modern university－r51due

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Flexner's idea of a modern university，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了弗莱克斯纳的现代大学理念。再弗莱克斯纳的现代大学理念中，大学必须以一定的价值核心为基础，以客观批判的态度为关键，对社会风尚加以选择和抵制，既能紧跟时代的步伐、满足社会的需求，又能保持大学本色、进行研究。另外，大学对待学术研究的态度是严肃且坚决的，不容许有一星半点的弄虚作假，各种偏离学术研究的行为都只会使大学每况愈下。大学的最终目的是培养思维缜密、知识渊博、见多识广，且极具批判精神和探索精神的人。

In the book modern university theory -- a study of universities in the United States, Britain and Germany, flexner expounded the concept of universities through the investigation and research of many famous universities in the United States, Britain and Germany. Studying his related works and interpreting his university philosophy will help us understand how the university should harmoniously integrate with the modern world in the process of the development of The Times, and it is also of great reference value to the reform and development of modern universities in China.

It is the mission of modern universities to objectively reflect the characteristics and needs of The Times. When universities realize that they should keep close contact with the society, they should be relatively independent from the society to a certain extent. "The university is a manifestation of The Times, a force that influences the present and the future," said flexner. As time goes on, the university will undergo a series of changes, "which should be a sensible change based on needs, facts and ideals". Therefore, universities must choose and resist social fashion based on a certain core value and with an objective critical attitude as the key, so as to not only keep up with the pace of The Times and meet the needs of the society, but also keep the true character of universities and conduct research.

Although teaching and research are both functions of universities, research is obviously more important than teaching. Flexner believes that what a university should really pursue is scientific and academic work. He is serious and determined about academic research, and there is no room for fraud. All kinds of deviation from academic research will only make the university worse. When talking about the social service function of universities, he advocated that universities should serve the society by carrying out academic research work instead of directly participating in problem solving.

"A major is academic because it is deeply rooted in culture and idealism and has norms that embody an ideal," says flexner. The profession has, above all, an objective, rational, and altruistic purpose." In his view, the domestic service industry, business, all the work of occupational fields such as journalism, cannot be called "professional", and professional education is not just simply equated with narrow professional training, therefore the modern university should not be involved in these areas, the cultivation of talents in this field and should not be at the university of tasks and responsibilities. The purpose of a university is to cultivate thoughtful, knowledgeable, knowledgeable, and highly critical and exploratory people.

"A true university is an organism characterized by a noble and clear purpose, a unity of spirit and purpose. But clearly, America's best universities are not organisms, they are administrative aggregates." In flexner's view, a modern university should be as small and dynamic as gilman's Hopkins, not so large as to meet every need.

The core of a modern university is the graduate school, the major professional college, and some research institutes, such as the law and medical schools in the United States. He is also highly critical of Columbia's correspondence extension education, which he considers to be a typical business practice rather than an educational one. "Most of what Columbia offers is not education," says flexner. The whole thing is about business, not education." Therefore, flaxner firmly believes that the university is definitely not a profit-seeking field, it is the center of knowledge, is the place for the study of advanced knowledge.

Based on the above basic views, flexner was keenly aware that many famous universities in the United States were in a stage of confusion in the face of a series of social changes at that time. Although Britain was not as serious as the United States, it was occasionally shown. The German university of frexner is positive, he points out that the German university from the beginning to the end in a rational attitude to remain sober.

In terms of teaching purposes, flexner believes that the positioning of modern universities is not correct and the teaching purposes are biased. "research", as the most important function of universities, is not only not taken seriously, but also carried out many "service nature" work that should not be done. When it comes to teaching process and content, says flexner, "colleges don't know what they want, and even if they do know what they want, they don't get what they want.

Frexner criticized the false "credit view" of modern universities, saying: "as long as students accumulate enough 'credits' by simple calculation and consume enough hours or years, they have completed the' four years of secondary education '. It's not. It's often unintentionally reducing intelligence and effort." The student who passes the exam ends his/her study of the subject as a matter of course and, to a large extent, never touches upon it again, and therefore often leaves the subject for good. The poor quality of secondary education and the excessive "indulgence" in universities lead to the poor quality and weak foundation of the output from university education.

Flexner notes that some teens choose to go on to graduate school for a master's degree or a doctorate in philosophy, a marketable and lucrative activity in the education market because the higher the degree, the higher the salary. Moreover, many universities often confuse vocational education with professional education, as a matter of course. Flaxner argues that the world-renowned harvard graduate school of business and management is organizationally similar to the average professional business school, and that learning about business and news media is a waste of students' time and money. The school is very active in charging students' tuition, but in fact, the school is wasting their precious time and energy.

Some master of arts or even ph. d. dissertations, according to flexner, are so bizarre and pointless that "science" loses its flavor and "science" is no longer science. Frexner unsparingly criticized the literature of the sociology and education departments, saying that this part of the literature was meaningless, very simple, without any enlightening value or worth thinking about. For the literature deals only with trifles, and contributes nothing to the results which can be drawn from experience alone, or from the conclusions which can be drawn from common sense.

Flexner points out that a large part of the university's budget is spent on things that are not part of the university at all, as the university spends most of its money on complex administration, buildings and sports. If harvard spent all its current income on solid and high-level academic endeavors, its impact would be far more than twice that. Where funding is really needed, such as professors' salaries and spending on research projects, a lot is spent on school buildings and sports. In his opinion, only by rapidly raising the salary standard of professors can they retain the talents of researchers in more serious subjects, otherwise they will inevitably fall into the dilemma of insufficient researchers.

In order to expand the scale and benefits of higher education, China has implemented a series of university mergers. The expansion of the scale of universities leads to the increase in the service field of universities. The trivial service provided by universities puts forward certain requirements on the number of administrators and teaching staff. The large number of personnel required will affect the quality of personnel to a certain extent and also pose a threat to the quality of education. For a university, it is the top priority for its development to define its educational orientation and educational goals. It is necessary to reorient the functions of universities at different levels. For example, higher vocational colleges focus on cultivating application-oriented technical and skilled talents, and train a large number of senior blue-collar workers and craftsmen for the country. Research universities or graduate schools should focus on research and academic research and restore the academic status of universities.

Credit is used to judge the breadth of knowledge a student has learned in college. The more credits a student has, the more knowledge he or she has learned. At present, some universities regard credit as an important index to evaluate students' excellent degree and ignore the negative impact of credit, that is, they ignore students' interests, practical knowledge and academic ability cultivation in the process of blindly pursuing credit. Therefore, graduate schools should focus on the cultivation of students' academic interests and the improvement of their research ability. It is normal for graduate students to have no academic interest at the beginning, and they can be cultivated gradually in the process of continuous learning later. Once there is an interest in doing academic research and value recognition, it can form a drive, which is the first step to study academic and do research.

The utilitarian tendency of college students' learning motivation is not only a social problem, but also an educational problem. Some bad social atmosphere, western utilitarian values, exam-oriented education and reward mechanism are the important factors that contribute to the utilitarianism tendency of some college students. University, therefore, it is necessary to create a democratic, equal, civilized and harmonious campus culture and everyone involved, because the university campus can directly reflect the ethos, ethos has direct influence on college students through the set up and development of education for the students to guide, to highlight the cultivation of moral awareness and integrity, let college students learn to acquire knowledge at the same time assume corresponding social responsibility.

Concentration is the process of concentration, concentration, and concentration. Valuable research refers to the significance and importance of research problems. The premise of any research is that the research itself has some significance and value. Do academic research and results is a difficult and lengthy process, and as a result, a man who aims to delve into the academic, the first thing to prepare for the hardships and difficulties, the condensation of their time and energy to the study, believes that no ordinary study only ordinary attitude, so as to maximize enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, and strive to achieve academic goals.

In his modern university theory, flexner stressed that the foundation of a university is talent, and only by meeting its most basic material needs can it further retain talents. At the moment, some universities seem to be well funded, but faculty members are underpaid. Therefore, the university should reasonably plan the use of funds, including personnel, funds and equipment, should be restructured, determine the new direction of development, retain talents, ensure the quality of education, and win academic reputation.

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