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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- Internationalization of American higher education，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国高等教育的国际化。如今，美国是世界上教育国际化水平最高的国家之一，拥有世界上三分之一的留学生。美国在积极接收外国留学生的同时，也大力鼓励本国留学生到外国留学，因为海外留学既是美国宣传其思想文化的重要途径，又是美国学生了解世界的机会。

Different scholars have different understandings of the connotation of internationalization of higher education, and put forward the definition of differentiation from different perspectives. Japanese scholar hidoramura pointed out that communication, openness and universality are the basic elements for higher education to go international. The basic goal of higher education internationalization is to integrate with the perspective of internationalization, which is reflected in the process of higher education research and service. Shanghai normal university doctoral tutor de-guang Yang pointed out that the internationalization of higher education is to strengthen the exchanges and cooperation of higher education, and actively guide the development of the domestic education market, make full use of the international education market to enhance the domestic education system intrinsic motivation and attractive, especially pay attention to international exchanges, in terms of teaching method and content to meet the basic requirement of internal development, cultivate international communication ability and competition ability of high quality talents. Yang fujia, an academician at the university of Nottingham, pointed out that the internationalization of higher education has realized the communication and integration of Chinese and western cultures, and is the only way for talent development. Under the mode of economic globalization, it can better lay the foundation for realizing national interests. On the basis of the definition of the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization, the national university of education internationalization gives the basic definition, namely, cross-cultural and cross-border cultural view and atmosphere with related functions such as teaching, scientific research and social service, the internationalization of higher education is a complex and comprehensive process, including all the change process of the schools internal and external, is the important process of school policy fully implemented. In conclusion, there is no consensus on the internationalization of higher education, but there are many consensus. The author thinks that, the internationalization of higher education is a process of constantly changing development and trends, among them, each country's higher education, based on domestic, face the world, constantly absorbing foreign advanced ideas of education and cultural achievements at the same time, combined with their own outstanding cultural essence, achieve the purpose of common progress and common improve, to cope with the challenge of the future development of the world and training talents, build up our strength.

The international flow of students includes two kinds: export and import. The export is that American students study abroad in other countries. Input means that students from all over the world come to study in the United States. The exchange of output and input of international students can not only produce huge economic benefits, but also promote cross-cultural collision and integration, which is conducive to carrying out international curriculum research, improving the height of international teaching and the ability of international talents.

At present, the United States is one of the countries with the highest level of education internationalization in the world, and has one third of the international students. More than 800,000 international students attended American colleges and universities in 2012. Compared with 2011, the number of overseas students increased by 55,000, or 7%. In addition, while the United States actively accepts foreign students, it also strongly encourages domestic students to study abroad, because overseas study is not only an important way for the United States to promote its ideology and culture, but also an opportunity for American students to learn about the world.

The reason why the United States can become the representative of the internationalization of higher education is not only related to the large-scale international students, but more importantly, the close international exchanges between teachers and visiting scholars are maintained. In order to promote the development of its higher education, American government, education institutions and civil society groups are willing to provide various conveniences to attract world-renowned teachers and visiting scholars to the us for visiting and exchange. At the same time, in order to actively spread American ideology and values and promote the development of education level in other parts of the world, the United States also actively sent scholars to other parts of the world for research and academic conferences. In this way, American colleges and universities not only strengthen their ties with academic circles in other countries, but also gain substantial benefits, such as economic benefits.

The development of internationalization of higher education requires fundamental changes from education thought, education content, education means and education management, etc., and course internationalization is one of its main approaches. As for the connotation of curriculum internationalization, foreign researchers believe that the internationalization of curriculum includes international regional discipline research, foreign language expansion and the process of discipline generalization, etc., and the global adaptability of the discipline has already been verified and promoted. In 1996, the organization for economic cooperation and development put forward the basic concept of course internationalization, which takes the course content and form internationalization as the development direction, takes the social work of students in the international and diversified environment as the core, and takes the optimized design and standardized management of domestic and international courses as the basic goal. In 2012, professor wang xia pointed out in her research that there are three different views on the discussion of course internationalization in the current international community. The first view is that international courses including world economy, African culture, European law and world history should be included in the current curriculum design. The second point of view points out that on the basis of the existing curriculum into the internationalization of the content, so as to enhance students' awareness of internationalization, enhance students' ability to survive in a diversified national environment, enhance the internationalization of the curriculum orientation; The third point of view points out that international factors should be integrated with curriculum practice, and the integration of international curriculum setting and teaching methods should be combined. In a word, internationalization of higher education courses is the only way to cope with economic globalization and cultivate a large number of internationally conscious talents. It is also the key to enhance talents' ability and integrate internationalization elements.

The reason why the internationalization of higher education in the United States is so developed is closely related to the continuous implementation of the international education policy. The United States attaches great importance to international education. What needs to be shown here is that Europe is the birthplace of the earliest higher education, and the higher education in the United States is developed on the basis of learning from the European education model. However, with the rapid development of American society, as early as the early 1960s, many universities in the United States started to develop towards the internationalization of universities by setting up branches overseas. The United States has promulgated the education project evaluation principles for non-american countries, actively encouraged cooperative projects and the establishment of schools abroad, and established the observation organization of institutions of higher learning without borders. According to the research data, the number of overseas education input and output in the United States is relatively concentrated and in an expanding state. According to the department of statistics, 78 of the 162 overseas education schools worldwide are now established in the United States.

The basic forms of early international education mainly include three types: the first is to run schools directly in overseas branches. For example, the American branch of heilongjiang university of traditional Chinese medicine was established in San Francisco in 2014. New York university is committed to building a global university and actively establishing branches around the world. The second way is to share education facilities, venues, teachers and other costs by cooperating with foreign schools, education institutions, enterprises and governments in running schools. For example, one of the most famous investments made by the qatari government in the Persian gulf region is the city of education. In 2011, uc Berkeley cooperated systematically with Chinese institutions to build a campus in Shanghai zhangjiang high-tech park. The third is to connect education in different countries, provide Shared education resources, cultivate common students or strengthen special teaching activities. As we usually say when referring to higher education, "2+2", "3+1", "1+2+1" mode and so on all belong to this form of cooperative education.

With the continuous development of science and technology, especially the rapid progress of network science and technology, the internationalization of higher education also presents new characteristics and pays attention to the application of modern forms. By virtue of its advantages in network science and technology and characteristics of informatization, the United States continuously consolids and enhances its influence globally, which to some extent promotes the improvement of the internationalization ability of higher education. Columbia University, university of London, university of Cambridge, the British library and the New York state library work together to build online education institutions, such as integrated curriculum has attracted a large number of people to accept education, especially the library of congress in 2011 at the world digital library activities more strengthened the connection to the world. The international cultural exchange promotes the cultural exchange in the global scope, and also promotes the rapid development of the internationalization of higher education. The rapid development of information socialization and networking has played an important role in promoting the innovation of the concept of higher education in the contemporary world to some extent, and is an essential condition for the rapid formation and development of higher education.

In the traditional sense, most transnational education cooperation is between American universities and local universities or government agencies overseas, so as to enhance personnel activities and cultural exchanges. At present, with the establishment of overseas branch schools, education ability of each campus in the United States is constantly improved, and the ability of students is also constantly enhanced, but this teaching method has caused some controversy. Some members pointed out that although the cooperative model was strongly welcomed, it would have a negative impact on local teaching. The U.S. house of representatives committee on science and technology held hearings in 2007 on the globalization of universities. The meeting, the California Congressman Dana roller barker of education should pay more attention to the American people, let us in communication university professor sent to live overseas, but the establishment and teaching activities is another matter. Brian baird is education in the United States and the chairman of the committee on science and technology, he pointed out that if such measures are not taken to us university, university of other countries and will take relevant measures, rather than by participating. Amy gutman is a professor at the university of Pennsylvania, he pointed out that the United States cannot guarantee in overseas, with the education and the Alma mater of the same quality, namely facing the Alma mater teachers dilution problem, this is the internationalization of higher education schools the main risks faced by. Despite the controversy, the author still believes that the internationalization of higher education is one of the most effective ways to realize the internationalization of higher education in the United States.

As mentioned above, 78 overseas branches of 162 global universities are opened by American universities, accounting for 48% of the total. However, due to the declining population of school-age college students in the United States in recent years and increasingly fierce competition for enrollment, in order to continue to stabilize its leading position in the world of higher education, the United States has to firmly grasp the emerging international education input markets in Asia, the Middle East and other regions. At the same time, the curriculum setting of the United States in international education is relatively simple, mainly focusing on economic and technological courses, such as MBA courses, but ignoring the promotion of literature courses. In addition, while achieving the success of international education, American higher education international education also encountered various setbacks and failures. For example, while American universities are keen on establishing branch schools, most of them are not "acclimatize". One of the reasons is that American universities pay too much attention to economic benefits and neglect the investigation of the market of the importing country. The second reason is that the United States is not familiar with the local culture, language and social norms of the importing country. Copying and transplanting established models in a new environment will often lead to the failure of international education.

With the continuous development of globalization, the United States more deeply realize the internationalization of higher education in the country's strategic positioning in the significance of globalization era has come, not to people in the United States, we must make a positive reaction for the higher education internationalization, the internationalization of higher education schools as one of the important ways in higher education internationalization in the United States play a positive role to be reckoned with. The United States should, while trying to unify its thoughts on international education, give full play to its advantages as a scientific and technological power and actively create more innovative and effective education models, such as the formation of a systematic Internet virtual education model. At the same time, the United States should take a long-term and comprehensive view when carrying out international education, and strive to combine its own advantages with the culture of the importing country, so as to contribute to the cultivation of global international talents and the response to global challenges.

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